Qee lub sij hawm nws tuaj yeem hnov zoo li nyuaj rau xa daim npav hnub so. Nrog rau tag nrho cov hustle thiab bustle, nws tuaj yeem xav kom tau txhua yam txheeb thiab xa raws sijhawm. Txawm li cas los xij, koj tsis tas yuav txhawj xeeb txog kev ua yuam kev yog tias koj ua raws cov lus qhia hauv kab lus no.
Cov kauj ruam
Ntu 1 ntawm 3: Xaiv thiab Npaj Daim Npav Zoo
Kauj Ruam 1. Txiav txim seb hnub so twg koj xav tau xa daim npav rau
Ntau hnub so ntawm qhov kawg ntawm lub xyoo raws li daim npav muab, tab sis tsis yog txhua tus ntawm lawv yog. Tom qab ntawd muaj lwm hnub so suav nrog txhua xyoo uas tuaj yeem xa daim npav zoo, xws li Hnub Valentine lossis Hnub Easter.
Kauj Ruam 2. Nrhiav lub khw uas muaj daim npav hnub so
Nws tsis yog tsuas yog cov khw muag daim npav tshwj xeeb uas muag daim npav hnub so - chaw muag tshuaj thiab cov khw loj loj yuav tsum muaj daim npav hnub so. Koj kuj tseem tuaj yeem pom ntau lub thawv ntim khoom ntawm lawv sab hauv qee lub khw muag khoom ua haujlwm.
Kauj Ruam 3. Txiav txim siab yuav thiab xa daim npav hla cov vev xaib online
Ntau lub tuam txhab npav txais tos nrov kuj tseem muaj peev xwm yuav thiab xa daim npav digitally. Qee daim npav ntawm cov vev xaib no yog pub dawb thiab tuaj yeem xa thiab tau txais yam tsis tau them nqi tab sis xav kom tus neeg txais yuav tsum muaj email chaw nyob! Cov npe loj suav nrog Asmeskas Txais Tos, Hallmark, thiab Blue Mountain - txawm hais tias nws yog qhov zoo kom ceev faj thiab tshawb xyuas qhov raug cai ntawm lub xaib.
Siv cov vev xaib eCard online rau cov neeg tau txais kev pabcuam sab nrauv ntawm koj lub tebchaws uas koj yuav tau them ntau dua rau hauv tus nqi xa ntawv thiab yuav tsum tau sau ntau daim ntawv tshaj tawm rau. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov kev xaiv yog koj li, vim xa daim npav daim ntawv tseem ua tau los ntawm kev ua raws cov lus qhia hauv qab no
Kauj Ruam 4. Lub taub hau mus rau tom khw, nkag mus sab hauv thiab npaj kom pom cov npav seem
Cov khw muag khoom sib txawv yuav muaj daim npav hauv thaj chaw sib txawv; txawm li cas los xij, cov khw feem ntau yuav muaj lawv hauv lawv tus kheej txoj kev, ntawm phab ntsa, lossis sau ob qho tib si. Cov khw muag khoom muag ntawm daim npav mus rau qee hnub so tuaj yeem muag lawv ntawm lawv tus kheej racks tawm hauv kev nthuav dav ntawm txhua tus neeg siv khoom, thiab qee tus kuj tseem tuaj yeem tso lawv nyob ze lawv cov npe. Txawm li cas los xij, koj yuav tsum tau nug kom pom cov npav no hauv khw, yog tias koj tsis pom lawv sai dua.
Yog tias koj muaj Hallmark Stores nyob ze, qhov no yog qhov kev xaiv zoo! Lawv yog lub npe loj tshaj plaws rau khoom plig thiab daim npav thoob plaws xyoo. Yog tias koj tsis muaj ib qho ze txaus, koj yuav tau saib mus rau lwm qhov
Kauj Ruam 5. Siv txoj kev taug kev
Cov npav tuaj yeem pom nyob hauv ntau txheej ntawm txhua qhov "phab ntsa" txoj kev hauv cheeb tsam, nrog rau daim npav feem ntau tau sau npe los ntawm cov yas yas lossis cov duab los thim rov qab faib/daim ntawv lo rau saum daim npav lawv tus kheej. Thaum koj pom sab saum toj ntawm daim npav uas koj nyiam, rub daim npav tawm.
Kauj Ruam 6. Saib ntawm daim npav tsim
Saib seb nws puas phim qhov koj xav tau ntawm lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb thiab cov lus tag nrho - yog suav nrog. Tsis yog txhua daim npav yuav muaj cov lus hauv lawv tab sis yuav tsum tau nyeem kom ntseeg tau tias nws xa cov lus raug rau koj cov neeg tau txais. Koj yuav xav mloog zoo rau sab xub ntiag thiab sab hauv ntawm daim npav.
Qee daim npav tsis muaj cov lus thiab tuaj yeem suav tag nrho rau "sau koj tus kheej" cov lus. Cov ntawv no feem ntau muaj cov ntsiab lus tsis zoo piav pem hauv ntej cov duab uas tsis tshwj xeeb rau lub sijhawm tshwj xeeb
Ceeb toom: Ceev faj rau daim npav lom zem yog tias koj mob siab rau cov neeg koj xa tuaj rau lossis yog cov tib neeg no paub tias nws ua tiav tsuas yog saj zoo, vim tias qee leej yuav hla txoj kab ntawd thiab ua rau cov no poob kev phooj ywg lossis txoj haujlwm.
Kauj Ruam 7. Tig daim npav rov qab thiab txiav txim siab daim npav tus nqi
Koj yuav pom tus nqi ntawm lub vaj huam sib luag tom qab - feem ntau nyob ze ntawm tus lej barcode. Nrog rau kev zam ntawm ntau pob, ib daim npav feem ntau tsis raug nqi ntau dua li ob peb daus las Asmeskas - txawm li cas los xij, qhov zoo thiab tsim ntawm daim npav tuaj yeem yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv tus nqi.
Qee lub khw muag khoom kos tus nqi ib zaug thaum hnub so tau pom tseeb tias cov neeg siv khoom yuav cov npav no ntau dua li lwm tus
Kauj Ruam 8. Xav txog cov thawv loj, ntau pob ntawv hauv qee qhov xwm txheej
Ntau lub thawv ntawv ntawm daim npav feem ntau yuav thaum cov neeg coob (xws li hauv daim ntawv xa npe) tuaj yeem thiab yuav tau txais tib daim npav. Txawm li cas los xij, txawm hais tias txhua daim npav tus nqi yuav pheej yig dua (tus nqi ib chav zuj zus nrog nce daim npav ntau npaum li cas), cov thawv no yuav kim dua li lawv daim npav ib leeg.
Kauj Ruam 9. Xav txog ntau daim npav dav dav kom haum rau qhov xav tau ntawm koj pawg neeg txais
Txawm hais tias koj yuav tsum tau yuav ob peb daim npav hnub so rau qee hnub so, ceev faj rau daim npav tos txais uas tsis piav qhia. Thaum Christmas daim npav tau npaj ntau dua rau hnub so rau kev ntseeg Catholic-rau-Catholic tus neeg txoj kev sib raug zoo rau daim npav Christmas, lub caij ntuj no yuav muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau pab pawg ntau dua ntawm cov neeg tau txais txiaj ntsig vim nws tau qhib rau cov uas tsis tau npaj rau qee yam kev ntseeg.
Kauj Ruam 10. Ua kom daim npav haum rau hnub so
Cov neeg feem coob uas xa daim npav hnub so (xws li thaum Christmas lossis zoo sib xws) tsis nyiam lossis xav tau daim npav yuav tsum ua nrog cov hnub so qis xws li Easter lossis Xus - txawm hais tias qhov ntawd yuav yog qhov teeb meem ntawm qee qhov.
Kauj Ruam 11. Nqa lub hnab ntawv uas yuav tsum nyob tom qab ntawm daim npav uas koj tau xaiv
Lub hnab ntawv no yuav tsum haum daim npav thiab tej zaum yuav muaj qee chav nyob. Yog tias koj tau xaiv ntau daim npav thawv ntawv, koj tuaj yeem txav mus rau theem tom ntej.
Kauj Ruam 12. Them nyiaj thiab nqa daim npav, daim npav, lossis lub npov ntawm daim npav hauv tsev
Daim npav nyiaj so koobtsheej feem ntau yuav tau them rau ntawm qhov sau npe thiab feem ntau yuav tsum tuaj yeem tuaj yeem tawm ntawm tus kheej-checkout ib yam nkaus, yog tias tsim nyog.
Kauj Ruam 13. Nrhiav sijhawm hauv koj lub sijhawm kom ua txhua daim npav-sau ib zaug
Npaj tsawg kawg ib teev lossis ob teev los sau, nyob, thiab npaj daim npav. Tsuas yog nco ntsoov nqa koj phau ntawv chaw nyob thiab cov npe ntawm cov neeg txais lossis chaw nyob ntawm cov tib neeg uas koj tab tom xa daim npav tuaj rau lawv kom lawv tuaj yeem pom thiab hais raws li qhov ntawd.
Kauj Ruam 14. Npaj koj daim npav thiab nqa koj lub hnab ntawv
Cov npav yuav tsum tau kos npe, thiab (yog tias koj xav tau) hnub tim. Lawv tsis tas yuav muaj daim ntawv tshwj xeeb, tab sis koj tuaj yeem suav nrog ib qho yog tias nws haum hauv daim npav.
Yog tias daim ntawv koj tab tom npaj yuav sau tsis haum rau hauv daim npav, sim tsis txhob sau dhau mus rau tom qab lossis ntxiv cov ntawv ntxiv (xws li los ntawm lub tshuab computer ntawv luam tawm los ntawm lub tshuab computer). Nrog rau cov ntawv no ntxiv qhov hnyav rau daim npav thiab tej zaum yuav ua rau daim npav tshaj qhov xa ntawv ib txwm rau cov khoom
Kauj Ruam 15. Hais rau lub hnab ntawv
Npaj koj qhov chaw nyob rov qab siv tus qauv kev hais lus nyob rau hauv kaum sab laug saum toj. Chaw nyob koj daim npav siv tib kab-hauv-kab ntawv rau tus neeg txais nyob hauv nruab nrab ntawm daim npav kom lub npe siv rau kab saum toj kawg nkaus, tom qab ntawd los ntawm txoj kev chaw nyob lossis P. O. lub npov, ua raws lub nroog, xeev, thiab tus lej zip. Yog tias daim npav mus rau qhov chaw nyob txawv teb chaws, koj yuav xav tau lub tebchaws thiab ua daim ntawv tshaj tawm kev lis kev cai.
- Nco ntsoov tias qhov chaw nyob uas tau muab txuas rau hauv nruab nrab qhov sib phim lub npe ntawm daim npav sab hauv. Thaum nws yuav lom zem heev los xa Phauj Martha koj daim npav mus rau Sally Jo, Sally Jo yuav pom tias nws tsis lom zem yog tias koj xa nws ib qho txhais rau Phauj Martha thiab ob leeg tuaj yeem tau txais cov lus tsis raug los ntawm koj cov lus teb.
- Tawm qhov chaw ntawm kaum sab xis saum toj. Koj yuav pom tias muaj dab tsi mus rau qhov ntawd me ntsis thiab nws zoo dua rau sau cov khoom txuas ntawd mus rau lub hnab ntawv thaum daim npav tau muab tso rau thiab kaw kaw.
Kauj Ruam 16. Rov ua dua nrog lub hnab ntawv ntawm lwm daim npav uas koj tau txiav txim siab xa
Ib zaug ntxiv, tsis txhob xav txog daim npav thaum hais txog koj lub hnab ntawv - txog thaum txhua lub hnab ntawv raug hais.
Ntu 2 ntawm 3: Ntxig Daim Npav
Kauj Ruam 1. Nkag siab cov ntu ntawm daim npav hnub so
Cov npav tos txais thiab hnub so muaj qhov tseem ceeb ob ntu thaum nws los txog rau kev tso. Muaj qhov qhib qhov kawg thiab qhov chaw nruab nrab. Nqa qhov muag pom ntawm qhov qhib qhov kawg yog, nrog rau qhov uas cov crease nyob. Nco tseg ntawm lub hauv ntej ntawm daim npav kom tus neeg tau txais kev pom sab xub ntiag thaum lawv rub daim npav, tom qab qhib lub nrov plig plawg thaum daim npav tuaj txog ntawm lawv lub mailbox lossis lub qhov rooj.
Kauj Ruam 2. Siv qhov pom ntawm thaj tsam qhib ntawm daim npav
Tig daim npav lub ntsej muag kom sab pem hauv ntej ntsib koj.
Kauj Ruam 3. Ua kom koj lub hnab ntawv npaj rau daim npav nkag
Lob lub hnab ntawv thiab tig nws, qhib lub nrov plig plawg qhov twg daim npav yuav muab ntxig. (Tsis txhob ua dab tsi nrog koj daim npav thaum npaj koj lub hnab ntawv ua ntej yuav ntxig, thiab cov ntawv yuav nkag los sai sai.) Xyuas kom tseeb tias nws tau tso ncaj rau ntawm qhov chaw ntxig.
Kauj Ruam 4. Nqa lub hnab ntawv los ntawm nws hauv qab, kaw tiaj tiaj, thiab sawv ntsug ncaj ntawm koj ib sab tes
Ua li ntawd yuav ua rau koj pom qhov tseeb ntawm qhov chaw nyob ntawm ntug ntawm lub hnab ntawv cov ntsiab lus ntxig qhov twg nws tuaj yeem tso daim npav. Tom qab ua li ntawd, muab lub hnab ntawv rov qab rau hauv qhov kev taw qhia uas koj tau muab rau ntawm lub rooj, ua kom ntug ntawm lub hnab ntawv qhib thiab npaj tau.
Kauj Ruam 5. Ntxig daim npav rau hauv lub hnab ntawv
Muab daim npav nrog nws thaj tsam saum toj kawg nkaus (dab tsi yuav qhia thaum koj tus neeg txais daim npav qhib) tig ntsej muag, tab sis ua kom ob sab kaw thiab nco ntsoov tias sab twg yog daim npav kaw. Lub hom phiaj: Koj tus neeg tau txais kev pom sab xub ntiag ntawm daim npav thaum lawv rub nws tawm, thiab yam tsis tau muab hlais rau hauv daim npav, tuaj yeem hlais hla qhov nruab nrab ntawm qhov chaw qhib ntawm daim npav yam tsis ua rau nws ntau dhau. Yog li ntawd, daim ntawv ntug ntawm daim npav yuav tsum tau tig ntsej muag zoo li yog nkag mus rau lub hnab ntawv ua ntej.
Ceeb toom: Muab rau hauv daim npav nrog lub ntsej muag ci rau saum yog zoo li saib daim npav uas tau qhib nrog rab riam thiab tsis zoo siab pom.
Kauj Ruam 6. Thawb daim npav rau hauv lub hnab ntawv nrog qee qhov ua siab mos siab muag
Yog tias tsim nyog, tuav cov ntug ntawm sab hauv ntawm lub hnab ntawv (ze ntawm daim ntawv uas tuaj yeem thim rov qab ntawm lub hnab ntawv) kom thawb lub tad kom yooj yim dua, tsis muaj quab yuam thiab tsis mob ntau dua, pab cais ob sab sib nrug thiab deb ntawm daim npav kev ntxig
Kauj Ruam 7. Kaw lub nrov plig plawg
Daim npav hnab ntawv rau feem ntau daim npav hnub so yuav tsum raug lev kaw; txawm li cas los xij, yog tias koj xav tau, lawv tuaj yeem raug kaw kaw. Nov yog kev txiav txim siab tus kheej thiab teeb meem ntawm kev saib thiab rov hais dua thaum tau txais ntawm nws lub hom phiaj kawg. Lick lub hnab ntawv nplaum-ua daim ntaub thaiv ntawm ntug ntawm daim ntawv quav tau, thiab ntxeev dua daim ntawv no mus rau koj lub hnab ntawv.
Yog tias lub hnab ntawv poob nws cov nplaum, koj tuaj yeem xaum nws kaw nrog tus qauv tsev kawm ntawv lo lo lossis siv daim nplaum nplaum rau ob sab
Kauj Ruam 8. Xav txog qhov muab ob sab ntawm lub flap kaw nrog daim kab xev nplaum - zoo ib yam li Scotch daim kab xev
Hom kab xev no tsis pom meej meej thiab tuav tau zoo rau ob peb hnub vim nws tau hla mus rau koj tus neeg txais. Cov hnab ntawv tuaj yeem txuas ntxiv nrog kab xev hauv qee qhov xwm txheej, tab sis ua li ntawd tsis tas yuav tsim nyog.
Ntu 3 ntawm 3: Tiav thiab Xa Daim Npav
Kauj Ruam 1. Tig daim npav lub hnab ntawv kom koj tuaj yeem pom lub xub ntiag ntawm lub hnab ntawv
Txawm hais tias qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm no yog kom ntseeg tau tias koj qhov rov qab los thiab tus neeg txais chaw nyob yog ob leeg raug, koj yuav xav ua kom tiav ob peb kauj ruam tom ntej.
Kauj Ruam 2. Xav txog kev xa koj daim npav qee yam, yog tias ua tau
Txawm hais tias tsis tuaj yeem ua tau nyob rau lub sijhawm COVID-19 nrog cov chaw haujlwm raug kaw thiab muaj kev tawm tsam, yog tias koj tuaj yeem ua tau, tso daim npav no rau hauv lub thawv xa ntawv sab hauv lossis muab lawv rau tus tuav ntaub ntawv uas tuaj yeem coj lawv mus rau tus txais raug thaum lawv tuaj txog.
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Kev xa daim npav tuaj yeem ua tiav rau qee lub tsev yog tias tus neeg muaj thaj tsam ntawm lub sam thiaj uas tuaj yeem tuav daim ntawv no.
Hauv lub sijhawm COVID-19, koj yuav tsis xav txiav txim siab xa daim npav rau tes. Tawm ntawm lawv ntawm lub rooj zaum pem hauv ntej qhib lub rooj zaum lossis zoo sib xws tau qhia. Txawm li cas los xij, kev xa tes tau dhau los ua txoj haujlwm uas dhau los ua qhov nyuaj thiab ua kom tau zoo tom qab kev nce ntawm COVID-19 xyoo 2020
- Tsis txhob cia li tso daim npav hauv tib neeg cov ntawv xa ntawv sab nraud. Tsuas yog cov neeg uas tuaj yeem tso khoom rau hauv lub thawv xa ntawv yog cov neeg ua haujlwm xa ntawv, thiab tsuas yog cov tib neeg uas tuaj yeem nqa khoom tawm yog cov neeg ua haujlwm xa ntawv thiab tus tswv ntawm lub thawv. Nug koj tus kheej: Koj puas yog ib tus neeg ua haujlwm xa ntawv tam sim no? Yog tsis yog, xaiv lwm qhov chaw hloov chaw.
Kauj Ruam 3. Nqa koj cov nyiaj muas noj
Nrog rau qhov tsis suav cov npav xa ntawv (rau cov tib neeg xws li cov neeg ua haujlwm ua haujlwm thiab cov neeg nyob sib ze, yog tias koj xav xa lawv mus rau lawv), txhua daim ntawv xa yuav tsum suav nrog nqi xa ntawv - hais tias koj tau them rau qhov kev pabcuam xa daim npav thiab tau txais lawv nyob rau qee lub sijhawm.
Kauj Ruam 4. Paub txog ntau npaum li cas tus nqi xa ntawv koj xav tau rau txhua daim npav
Txawm hais tias daim npav tsis zoo yuav xav tau ntau daim ntawv tshaj li daim npav zoo li qub lossis cov uas muaj cov khoom ntxiv hauv lawv, tus nqi yuav txawv nyob ntawm qhov hnyav. Feem ntau daim npav yuav hnyav txaus kom xa nrog tsuas yog ib Daim Ntawv Cim Hauv Tsev ntawm txhua tus.
- Txiav txim siab nqa daim npav mus rau koj lub chaw xa ntawv kom paub ntau npaum li cas xav tau rau txhua daim npav.
- Cov npav xa mus rau chaw nyob txawv teb chaws yuav raug nqi ntau dua li cov ntawv xa mus rau chaw nyob hauv tib lub nroog, xeev, thiab/lossis lub tebchaws.
Kauj Ruam 5. Ua peb daim npav raws li koj ntxiv cov ntawv xa mus rau lub hnab ntawv
Cov uas koj tuaj yeem nqa tau tuaj yeem mus rau ntawm ib pawg, tom ntej tuaj yeem mus rau chaw nyob hauv koj lub tebchaws, thiab zaum kawg tuaj yeem mus hauv cov tebchaws sab nraud ntawm koj tus kheej.
Ntawm qee lub chaw xa ntawv, qee qhov xa ntawv yuav tsum tau tawg ua "hauv nroog" thiab "tsis nyob hauv nroog" chaw nyob. Txawm li cas los xij, cov no tau dhau los ua qhov tsis txaus ntseeg raws li kev pabcuam xa ntawv yooj yim sau cov ntawv xa - hais tom qab
Kauj Ruam 6. Luam koj lub hnab ntawv
Feem ntau cov nyiaj muas noj niaj hnub no suav nrog cov nplaum zoo li nplaum thaub qab thiab tsis tas yuav licking. Tsuav tus nqi nyeem tau thiab tsis muaj qhov cuam tshuam los ntawm lub thwj cim nrog tus cwj mem, tus cim, lossis cov cim zoo sib xws, lub thwj cim tseem siv tau thiab tseem siv tau. Yog tias tus nqi tseem nyeem tau, cov nyiaj muas noj no tseem siv tau.
Thawj tus neeg xa ntawv yuav xav saib tias lawv tus lej (xaiv tus lej nyiaj tau muab tso rau ntawm daim ntawv txuas nrog) tuaj yeem nyeem tau meej, tsis txhob nthuav tawm ntawm ib sab ntawm lub hnab ntawv, thiab tsis ntxeev los yog ntxeev ib sab mus rau ob tog
Ntsis taub hau: Txiav txim siab yuav Stamps.com cov ntawv xa ntawv/lub tshuab luam ntawv thiab kev pabcuam- tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias koj muaj cov tsos mob ntawm COVID-19 lossis yog tias koj zoo li qis dua lossis ntau tshaj cov ntawv xa ntawv ntawm lub hnab ntawv. Lub tshuab luam ntawv yuav pab khaws cov neeg ua haujlwm xa ntawv noj qab haus huv thiab koj li nyiaj hauv tuam txhab muaj zog. Cov khoom xa tuaj tuaj yeem tawm sab nraum koj lub tsev lub qhov rooj rau lub sijhawm tuaj nqa khoom - yog tias tsim nyog. Cov nyiaj them rau lub tshuab luam ntawv thiab kev pabcuam yuav ua los ntawm cov nyiaj khaws tseg hauv kev sau tus nqi thwj kom raug.
Kauj Ruam 7. Rov ua dua txhua lub hnab ntawv hauv pawg ntawv uas koj tab tom sib sau
Yog tias koj tsuas muaj ib daim npav, koj tuaj yeem hla cov kauj ruam no.
Kauj Ruam 8. Qhib txhua pawg ntawm daim npav
Siv cov hlua roj hmab uas yuav haum nyob ib ncig ntawm daim npav thiab muab tag nrho lawv ua ke ua ib pawg zoo. Yog tias tsim nyog, siv daim ntawv xa rov qab los ceeb toom koj tus kheej li cas thiab qhov twg txhua pawg yuav xa mus rau xws li "xa ntawv", "xa khoom xa tuaj", "xa thoob ntiaj teb", lossis zoo sib xws.
Kauj Ruam 9. Xa daim npav
Cov ntawv xa tuaj hauv tsev - xa ntawv mus rau chaw nyob hauv koj lub tebchaws tib yam - tuaj yeem tso rau sab hauv lub thawv sau cim cim ze ntawm lub chaw xa ntawv lossis ntawm qee txoj kev ntawm txoj kev uas muaj lub thawv sau ntawv (yog tias lawv muaj). Yog tias daim npav mus rau chaw nyob thoob ntiaj teb, koj yuav tsum nqa daim npav, nrog rau daim ntawv tshaj tawm kev lis kev cai, yog li lawv tuaj yeem koom nrog.
Lub tswv yim
- Txawm hais tias tib neeg feem ntau xav txog lo lus "Nyiaj so koobtsheej" (thaum ua ke nrog daim npav) kom suav nrog tsuas yog Lub Kaum Ob Hlis thiab thaum ntxov Lub Ib Hlis cov hnub so, daim npav hnub so yog ntau lub sij hawm pam uas suav nrog ntau hnub so ua ke thoob plaws xyoo.
- Txiav txim siab siv lub vev xaib lossis cov haujlwm los tsim koj tus kheej daim npav hnub so thiab ntxiv kev kov tus kheej.
