Cov poov xab yog ib leeg-celled cov kab mob tseem ceeb rau feem ntau cov neeg ua mov ci thiab cov neeg tsim khoom haus thoob plaws ntiaj teb, vim nws muaj peev xwm tig cov suab thaj rau hauv cov pa roj carbon dioxide thiab cawv. Koj tuaj yeem tsim koj tus kheej cov poov xab uas tau ntim cov poov xab, lossis pib ua kua qaub, tsis muaj dab tsi ntau tshaj li hmoov, dej, thiab kev saib xyuas tas li. Kev cog qoob loo ntawm tus neeg ua poov xab yog qhov nyuaj dua vim xav tau ib puag ncig tsis muaj menyuam, tab sis cov txheej txheem no tseem suav nrog rau cov kws paub dhau los lossis mob siab rau ua tsev. Ob hom kab mob poov xab tuaj yeem yooj yim nyob rau lub hlis hauv lub tub yees, tso cai rau koj rov qab ua cov qhob cij zoo los yog npias ntau zaus.
Yog tias koj xav paub yuav ua li cas npaj cov poov xab ua ntej ci, koj yuav tab tom nrhiav yuav qhib cov poov xab li cas.
Cov kauj ruam
Txoj Kev 1 ntawm 2: Loj hlob Poov xab los ntawm Lub Caij Nplooj Ntoos Zeeg
Kauj Ruam 1. Xaiv lub lauj kaub loj, huv
Qhov zoo tshaj plaws, siv lub khob iav uas tuaj yeem tuav tsawg kawg ob quarts (ob litres), raws li lub hauv paus yuav loj hlob sai thiab yuam koj kom muab pov tseg ntau dua yog tias lub thawv me me dhau. Cov yas, cov av hauv av, lossis cov pob zeb ntim khoom kuj tseem siv tau, tab sis iav tuaj yeem yooj yim los ntxuav, thiab ua kom yooj yim los saib koj lub khob cij pib. Ntxuav lub rhawv zeb hauv dej kub, xab npum, tom qab ntawd yaug tawm yuav txaus, txawm li cas los xij.
Kauj Ruam 2. Ncuav 1/2 khob (120 mL) dej dechlorinated
Yog tias koj cov kais dej tau kho nrog tshuaj chlorine, koj tuaj yeem yuav cov tshuaj de-chlorination kom tshem nws tawm, lossis tso nws tawm 24 teev. Cov zaub mov pom hauv dej "nyuaj" tuaj yeem pab ua kom cov kab mob sib kis tau zoo, yog li tsis siv dej distilled tsis pom zoo.
Yog tias koj tsis muaj dej nkag tau nrog cov yam ntxwv zoo, siv cov dej uas muaj kev nyab xeeb rau haus
Kauj Ruam 3. Sib tov 3/4 khob (180 mL) hmoov kom huv
Siv cov hmoov nplej uas tsis tau ua tiav yog tias koj yuav siv koj li pib ua qhob cij dawb, lossis hmoov nplej tag nrho los ua qhob cij xim av. Hmoov nplej ib txwm muaj cov poov xab, cov kab mob me me uas tsim cov pa roj carbon dioxide thiab lwm yam tshuaj uas ua rau qhob cij nce ntxiv thiab ntxiv cov tsw qab.
- Ua kom muaj zog, ntxiv cua rau hauv qhov sib tov.
- Ntau lwm hom hmoov tuaj yeem siv los ua qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov pib, suav nrog hmoov nplej xim av thiab sau cov hmoov.
Kauj Ruam 4. Ntxiv cov organic, cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo uas tsis tau ntxuav (xaiv tau)
Yog tias koj siv cov hmoov dawb tsis txhob siv cov hmoov nplej tag nrho, koj pib yuav tsis muaj qee hom poov xab uas ua rau tangy, qaub qab zib. Kev xaiv, koj tuaj yeem sim kho qhov no los ntawm kev ntxiv me ntsis txiv hmab txiv ntoo, feem ntau yog puv tes ntawm cov txiv hmab, rau qhov sib xyaw. Siv cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo uas tsis tau kho nrog tshuaj tua kab lossis siv quav ciab, yog li koj tuaj yeem ntxiv lawv tsis tau ntxuav rau qhov sib xyaw.
Thaum cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yeej muaj cov kab mob hu ua poov xab, lawv ua tau zoo npaum li cas hauv cov qhob cij pib yog muaj teeb meem. Qee tus neeg ua mov ci pom zoo cov kauj ruam no, thaum lwm cov lus nug tias nws muaj txiaj ntsig ntau npaum li cas
Kauj Ruam 5. Npog tab sis tsis txhob muab nws khi
Tsis txhob siv lub hau kaw cua, vim tias qhov pib ua tiav yuav tsim cov pa roj uas tuaj yeem tsoo lub hau, thiab yuav xav tau cov pa ntxiv kom muaj kev vam meej. Hloov chaw, npog nws nrog daim ntaub cheese, ntaub so tes, lossis ntaub ntaub huv huv khi nrog txoj hlua roj hmab, lossis siv lub hau xoob xoob kom tsis nruj.
Kauj Ruam 6. Khaws rau hauv qhov chaw sov li ob hnub
Txhawm rau txhawb kev ua cov poov xab, khaws lub khob cij tshiab pib hauv qhov chaw sov, yam tsawg 70ºF (21ºC). Tom qab ob hnub, qhov sib xyaw yuav zoo li npuas lossis ua npuas, thiab ua rau hnov tsw tsw. Qee qhov pib yuav siv sijhawm ntev dua los tawm hauv av, txawm li cas los xij, yog li tsis txhob txhawj yog tias koj tseem tsis tau hnov dua qhov hloov pauv.
Yog tias koj lub tsev txias, khaws cov poov xab ze lub qhov cub lossis lub rhaub dej, tab sis tsis txhob kaw kom nws ua noj lossis ua kom kub lossis ua kom sov. Cov poov xab loj hlob nyob hauv ib puag ncig sov, tab sis tuag yog tias nws kub dhau
Kauj Ruam 7. Ntxiv 1/2 khob (120 mL) dej thiab 3/4 khob (180 mL) hmoov
Ua tib yam dej thiab hmoov sib tov me me, kom txog thaum sib tov kom huv. Npog thiab tawm ntxiv 24 teev thaum cov poov noj nws cov zaub mov tshiab.
Kauj Ruam 8. Hloov ib feem ntawm qhov pib txhua hnub nrog hmoov tshiab thiab dej
Txhua hnub, tshem tawm ib feem ntawm qhov pib, tawm tsawg kawg 1/2 khob (120 mL) hauv lub hwj. Tus pib tseem tsis tau muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab muaj txiaj ntsig zoo los siv hauv cov zaub mov txawv, yog li muab pov tseg qhov tshem tawm. Ntxiv dej ntau thiab hmoov nplej los hloov nws - qhov pes tsawg uas koj siv tsis tseem ceeb, tsuav koj siv 3 ntu hmoov rau 2 feem dej. Tsis txhob sim ntxiv ntau dua li peb npaug ntawm qhov sib xyaw tam sim no.
Kauj Ruam 9. Khaws qhov muag ntawm nws qhov kev nce qib
Thaum xub thawj, tus pib yuav tsim cov kua daj rau saum, lossis hnov tsw zoo li cawv. Vam tias, qhov no yuav tsum ploj mus li ib lub lim tiam, vim cov poov xab loj hlob tuaj thiab ua rau muaj qhob cij zoo li tsw ntxhiab. Thaum cov poov xab tau tsim, qhov sib xyaw yuav tsum nthuav dav ntxiv ob npaug ntawm nws qhov loj me ntawm txhua qhov kev pub mis. Txuas ntxiv pub kom txog thaum qhov no ua tiav, thiab tsawg kawg rau ib lub lim tiam tag nrho kom txo qis txoj hauv kev ntawm kev sib tw cov kab mob sib kis. Qee qhov pib yuav tsis npaj rau ib hlis lossis ntev dua.
Yog tias qhov sib xyaw ua kua kua xim av tsaus, qhov no yog lub cim qhia tias nws tsis muaj zaub mov. Ncuav cov kua thiab pub ntau zaus, lossis nrog cov hmoov ntau thiab dej ntau ntxiv rau ib zaug pub mis
Kauj Ruam 10. Txav mus rau lub tub yees thiab pub tsawg dua
Thaum cov khoom sib xyaw ua ob npaug txhua hnub rau tsawg kawg peb hnub, thiab tsis tsim cov ntxhiab tsw (tsis zoo li khob cij) cov kua lossis kua, npog nws nruj thiab txav mus rau lub tub yees. Cov poov xab yuav nyob twj ywm, lossis tsawg kawg qeeb, thiab koj tsuas yog yuav tsum tau pub nws ib zaug ib lub lim tiam nrog cov hmoov nplej thiab dej, pov tseg ib feem ntawm nws yog tias tsim nyog kom tsis txhob ntws tawm. Tsuav koj nco ntsoov pub nws, tus pib ua haujlwm tuaj yeem khaws cia hauv lub tub yees tas mus li, tsim cov poov xab uas muaj cov poov xab puv rau ntau lub hlis lossis ntau xyoo.
Cov hmoov nplej xim av yuav tsum tau noj txhua ob peb hnub txawm tias hauv lub tub yees
Kauj Ruam 11. Siv nws hauv cov zaub mov txawv
Ua ntej siv ib feem ntawm qhov pib hauv daim ntawv qhia ua khob noom cookie (hauv qhov chaw ua mov ci poov xab), ua kom nws rov ua haujlwm dua los ntawm kev txav nws mus rau chav sov, npog xoob xoob nrog daim phuam ntawv lossis cheesecloth, thiab pub nws tsawg kawg peb zaug ntawm 8– 12 teev ua haujlwm. Knead lub khob noom cookie kom huv si kom txog thaum cov gluten tau qhib, uas yuav tsim lub khob noom cookie uas tuaj yeem rub tau nyias txaus kom lub teeb ci los ntawm yam tsis muaj lub khob noom cookie tawg. Vim tias cov poov xab hnyav ua rau qeeb qeeb dua li cov poov xab ua lag luam, tso cai rau khob cij ua khob cij kom nce mus rau txhua qhov chaw ntawm 4 - 12 teev, lossis txawm tias 24 rau cov qhob cij ntau dua.
- Nco ntsoov tsis txhob kub lub khob noom cookie ntau dhau, uas tuaj yeem tua cov poov xab. Kov lub khob noom cookie ib ntus yog tias kneading hauv lub tov khoom, vim cov no tuaj yeem ua kom sov lub khob noom cookie ntau dua.
- Koj kuj tseem tuaj yeem siv sourdough oob khab hauv lwm cov zaub mov uas koom nrog hmoov, tab sis nco ntsoov tias nws yuav ntxiv ib qho tangy sourdough saj. Coob leej neeg ua cov ncuav qab zib kom siv cov pib ntxiv uas yuav txwv tsis pub muab pov tseg thaum pub mis.
Txoj Kev 2 ntawm 2: Kev Loj Hlob Brewer's Poov Kab lis kev cai
Kauj Ruam 1. Pib nrog cov kab lis kev cai ua poov xab zoo rau cov neeg ua cawv
Thaum koj tuaj yeem pib ua cov kab mob poov xab siv cov khw muag khoom ua kua cawv, cov txheej txheem ntawm kev loj hlob nws feem ntau nyuaj thiab siv sijhawm ntev yog tias koj tsuas yog pib nrog cov kab mob feem ntau muaj. Feem ntau, cov neeg tsim khoom hauv tsev loj hlob cov poov xab kab lis kev cai pib nrog cov poov xab ua los ntawm qhov ua tau zoo tshwj xeeb hauv tsev, nyiam haus npias, lossis lwm yam uas tsis tshua muaj lossis kim uas lawv xav kom loj hlob rau siv dua.
- Loj hlob koj tus kheej cov kab lis kev cai poov xab mus sij hawm ntev tuaj yeem siv sijhawm ntau thiab kev rau siab. Nws tsis tas yuav brew npias hauv tsev, tsuas yog tswj hwm qee yam nyiam cov kab mob ua poov xab.
- Nco ntsoov tias cov poov xab hauv cov fwj npias yuav tsis zoo ib yam li cov poov xab siv hauv thawj (pib) fermentation, yog li koj cov txiaj ntsig yuav tsis yog qhov koj xav tau.
Kauj Ruam 2. Ua haujlwm hauv thaj chaw huv
Cov kab mob hauv plua plav tuaj yeem ua rau cov kab mob poov xab, ib yam li cov kab mob. Zam qhov chaw ntub lossis qhov chaw uas tau npaj zaub mov, xws li chav ua noj thiab hauv qab daus. Kaw qhov rais rau koj chav ua noj poov xab, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum huab cua sov.
Ib txwm ntxuav koj txhais tes nrog xab npum tua kab mob ua ntej tuav cov kab mob poov xab
Kauj Ruam 3. Ua kom huv thiab ua kom huv
Ntxuav lub rooj ua haujlwm lossis lub rooj kom huv si kom ntau li ntau tau. Tua cov kab mob me me uas tseem tshuav ntau nrog cov khoom siv tshuaj tua kab mob xws li txhuam dej cawv. Cia kom qhuav.
Kauj Ruam 4. Yuav khoom
Txoj hauv kev yooj yim kom tau txais cov cuab yeej tsim nyog tuaj yeem yuav cov khoom siv brewer, uas yuav lossis tsis tuaj nrog cov poov xab pib thiab cov lus qhia. Yog tias koj tau txais cov khoom siv los ntawm ib thooj, lossis tshawb xyuas seb cov khoom siv muaj txhua yam, saib Cov Khoom Koj Yuav Tsum tau ua ntu rau tag nrho cov npe. Sim cov chaw muag tshuaj, lossis nrhiav cov khoom siv kuaj hauv cov nplooj ntawv daj lossis online.
- Kev xaj cov khoom siv kuaj mob hauv Tebchaws Meskas yuav raug ncua lossis koom nrog kev nug los ntawm tsoomfwv cov koomhaum.
- Agar hmoov muaj nyob ntawm ntau lub khw muag khoom noj Asian. Yog tias koj tsis tuaj yeem pom ib qho, siv cov hmoov gelatin uas tsis nyiam, tab sis nco ntsoov tias cov kab lis kev cai gelatin yuav tsum tau khaws cia hauv qhov chaw txias kom tsis txhob yaj.
Kauj Ruam 5. Muab cov thawv ntim kom huv
Cov cua sov kom nyab xeeb, ntim cov iav thiab lawv lub hau hauv lub tshuab ua kom siab ntev li 10 feeb los tua cov khoom sib kis. Petri tais diav, lossis "phaj," feem ntau siv tab sis koj tuaj yeem siv ib qho me me, iav ntim. "Cov raj pib" qee zaum suav nrog hauv cov khoom siv brewer rau lub hom phiaj no.
- Yog tias koj tsis muaj lub lauj kaub ua kom siab, tso lub ntim rau hauv dej thiab rhaub rau 30 feeb. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov no tsis ze li qhov ua tau zoo ntawm kev tua cov kab mob, uas yuav ua rau muaj coob tus kab mob poov xab tsis tuaj yeem loj hlob lossis raug puas tsuaj los ntawm pwm.
- Yog tias koj tau ntim cov hnab yas kom tsis huv kom khaws cov ntim hauv, koj tuaj yeem npaj cov ntim ua ntej.
Kauj Ruam 6. Cia lub ntim txias, tom qab ntawd tso lawv hla lub nplaim taws
Vim tias kev ua kom tsis muaj menyuam yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau cov neeg ua noj ua haus cov poov xab kab mob txhawm rau tiv thaiv lwm yam kab mob me me los ntawm kev noj, cov kauj ruam no tau pom zoo ntxiv rau saum toj no. Siv lub tswm ciab propane lossis lwm qhov kub thiab txias, lub nplaim hluav taws nqa tau yooj yim (tsis yog ib qho yooj yim luam yeeb), khiav qhov kawg ntawm nplaim taws hla daim di ncauj ntawm lub ntim.
Kauj Ruam 7. Siv cov dej mos los yog dej distilled
Yog tias cov kais dej hauv koj cheeb tsam "nyuaj," txhais tau tias nws muaj cov av nplaum ntau, cov ntxhia carbonate, nws yuav ua rau muaj kab mob loj hlob hauv koj cov kab lis kev cai poov xab. Siv cov dej ua kom muaj kev nyab xeeb, lossis ntsuas pH ntawm koj cov dej thiab siv nws tsuas yog qhov txiaj ntsig yog 5.3 lossis qis dua.
Kauj Ruam 8. Boil 1 khob (240 mL) dej thiab 1/4 khob (60 mL) qhuav malt extract
Ua kom sov cov dej hauv lub lauj kaub siab yog tias ua tau kom tsis txhob kub dhau, lossis siv lub raj mis Pyrex huv los yog lauj kaub. Ntxiv rau hauv malt qhuav extract thiab do kom yaj. Nqa mus rau rhaub rau 15 feeb, saib xyuas kom txo cua sov yog tias nws muaj kev phom sij ntawm kev kub hnyiab.
Qhov no hu ua "pib wort."
Kauj Ruam 9. Txo cua sov thiab do hauv 1/2 tsp (2.5 mL) agar hmoov kom txog thaum yaj
Tus pib wort twb muaj cov khoom noj khoom haus brewer cov poov xab kab mob xav tau kom muaj kev vam meej, tab sis cov hmoov agar nws thiaj li ua kom tuab sib tov rau hauv cov gelatinous puag rau cov poov xab kom so. Nco ntsoov tias qhov tuab yuav tsis tshwm sim thaum lub sijhawm no.
Siv cov hmoov gelatin tsis zoo tsuas yog tias koj tsis tuaj yeem tau txais cov hmoov agar, txij li cov gelatin siav tuaj yeem yaj hauv chav sov
Kauj Ruam 10. Nqa mus rhaub dua
Boil rau ntxiv 15 feeb. Ib zaug ntxiv, ua tib zoo saib xyuas nws kom nws tsis txhob kub dhau.
Kauj Ruam 11. Tshem tawm ntawm tshav kub
Cia qhov sib xyaw kom txias mus rau 122ºF (50ºC) lossis qis dua, lossis txias me ntsis yog tias siv cov gelatin tsis siv agar. Qhov sib tov yuav tsum tuab, tab sis tsis khov ua kom tiav.
Kauj Ruam 12. Sau txhua lub ntim nrog txheej me me ntawm qhov sib tov
Nqa koj lub ntim uas tsis muaj menyuam thiab sau txhua tus nrog me ntsis ntawm cov dej sib tov, hu ua pib wort. Petri cov tais diav yuav tsum tau ua tiav kwv yees li 1/4 ntawm txoj kev puv; cov ntim loj tsis xav tau txheej tuab.
Kauj Ruam 13. Npog lub ntim thiab tos
Muab hau rau ntawm lub ntim lossis npog nrog yas qhwv. Cia lawv txias txog li ib nrab teev, thiab saib raws li cov wort sib tov vim yog cov hmoov agar. Thaum cov ntim tuaj yeem qaij tau yam tsis muaj kev sib xyaw ua ke, lawv npaj tau.
Kauj Ruam 14. Siv tshuaj tua kab mob inoculation
Lub voj inoculation, muaj los ntawm cov khw muag khoom kuaj, yog cov xov hlau me me nyob rau thaum kawg ntawm tus pas nrig, siv rau kev xa cov kab mob me me xws li cov poov xab. Sterilize lub voj kawg los ntawm cua sov nws nyob rau hauv nplaim taws kom txog thaum tag nrho lub voj loj hlob txiv kab ntxwv lossis liab. Txias lub voj mus rau chav sov lossis sov dua me ntsis los ntawm muab nws tso rau hauv cov tais ntiav ntawm isopropyl cawv, lossis so nws nrog paj rwb pob ntub dej cawv.
- Yog tias koj tsis txias lub voj, cua sov tuaj yeem tua cov poov xab.
- Txias nws hauv dej lossis huab cua ua rau muaj feem kis kab mob hauv lub cev, uas yuav tsum raug tua los ntawm cawv.
Kauj Ruam 15. Kos lub voj maj mam hla cov kua poov xab
Tsis txhob sim khaws cov poov xab pom. Txhua yam koj yuav tsum tau ua yog nyuam qhuav kos lub voj los ntawm cov dej ua ke sau rau saum cov kua.
Kauj Ruam 16. Ntxiv cov poov xab rau saum cov wort, ua raws cov theem no ua tib zoo
Tawm hauv lub hau tawm kom luv ib lub sijhawm ntau li ntau tau, txav lub voj voos inoculation maj mam hla saum npoo ntawm wort starter hauv ib qho ntawm koj lub ntim. Qhov no hloov cov poov xab mus rau qhov cia siab tias tsis muaj cov kab mob thiab cov khoom noj muaj txiaj ntsig zoo. Txhawm rau txo qis txoj hauv kev kis kab mob, tam sim txuas lub hau dua. Tig cov tais diav petri rov qab, lossis lub raj pib lub raj kom txog li 3/4 nruj.
Cov txheej txheem ntawm kev ntxiv cov kab mob me me rau hauv phaj yog hu ua "streaking" los ntawm microbiologists
Kauj Ruam 17. Rov ua kom tsis muaj menyuam ua ntej ntxiv cov poov xab rau txhua lub khob
Siv tib txoj hauv kev los ntxiv cov poov xab rau txhua lub khob, tab sis nco ntsoov ua kom sov lub inoculation voj kom tsis muaj menyuam nws ntawm txhua qhov kev hloov pauv, tom qab ntawd txias hauv cawv. Cov kab lis kev cai poov xab loj hlob hauv tsev muaj qhov muaj feem kis tau zoo, yog li siv ntau yam, cais cais cov kab lis kev cai ua rau muaj qhov sib txawv uas qee yam ntawm koj cov kev lis kev cai xaus siv tau.
Kauj Ruam 18. Txheeb xyuas kab mob poov xab rau ob peb hnub tom ntej no
Khaws cov ntim ntawm 70-80ºF (21–26ºC), qhov kub zoo tshaj plaws rau cov poov xab loj hlob. Pov tseg txhua kab lis kev cai uas cog qoob loo los yog cov pwm, lossis tsis cog qoob loo pom tom qab ob peb hnub. Cov kab lis kev cai ua tau zoo yuav tsim cov kua mis rau saum npoo av, thiab koj tuaj yeem pom cov poov xab ib tus zuj zus tsim txoj kab ntawm cov dots hla saum npoo.
Kauj Ruam 19. Hloov kev coj noj coj ua zoo mus rau lub tub yees
Tam sim no qhov kev coj noj coj ua tau ua tiav tau ua tiav, qhwv lub ntim rau hauv kab xev hluav taws xob lossis lwm yam khoom tiv thaiv lub teeb, vim tias lub teeb tuaj yeem ua puas lossis puas tsuaj cov poov xab. Khaws cov no hauv lub tub yees, qhov zoo tshaj ntawm 34–36ºF (1–2ºF) lossis sov me ntsis, txhawm rau ua kom lawv txoj kev loj hlob qeeb thiab tiv thaiv lawv cov khoom noj tsis txaus. Thaum koj xav siv ib qho hauv ib qho brew, tshem nws tawm ntawm lub tub yees ua ntej kom coj nws mus rau chav sov ua ntej ntxiv (pitching) rau hauv wort.
Yees duab - Los ntawm kev siv qhov kev pabcuam no, qee cov ntaub ntawv yuav raug muab qhia rau YouTube
Lub tswv yim
Koj tseem tuaj yeem cog cov poov xab pib hauv lub thawv txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab dej, lossis nrog qos yaj ywm, qab zib, thiab dej
Lus ceeb toom
- Paub tias kev ntim cov poov xab loj zuj zus hauv lub thawv tuaj yeem ua rau lub thawv tawg vim yog CO2 gas nqa. Hauv cov iav ntim khoom, qhov no tuaj yeem txhawb cov iav iav hauv txhua qhov kev qhia.
- Tawm hauv lub khob cij pib ib nrab puv nrog pib lossis tsawg dua tom qab txhua qhov pub mis, vim nws yuav nthuav dav me me.
