Galvanizing steel tsho nws nrog txheej txheej zinc los tiv thaiv nws los ntawm kev xeb. Zinc tau siv thawj zaug hauv kev tsim kho nyob ib puag ncig lub sijhawm Pompeii puas tsuaj, tab sis nws yog thawj zaug tau siv los ua cov hlau (cov hlau tiag) hauv xyoo 1742 thiab cov txheej txheem patented hauv xyoo 1837. Galvanized hlau yog siv los ua cov ntawv hlau flashing, qhov nqes dej, thiab nqes hav., ntxiv rau cov ntsia hlau sab nrauv. Muaj ntau txoj hauv kev uas tuaj yeem siv rau galvanize hlau: kub-dip galvanizing, electrogalvanizing, sherardizing, thiab txau xim hlau.
Cov kauj ruam
Txoj Kev 1 ntawm 4: Kub Dip Galvanizing
Kauj Ruam 1. Ntxuav cov paug saum npoo av
Ua ntej yuav ua lwm yam kauj ruam, cov hlau saum npoo yuav tsum tau muab ntxuav kom huv. Yuav ua li cas qhov no ua tiav nyob ntawm qhov yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm.
- Cov av, roj, roj, lossis cov cim xim yuav tsum tau siv cov kua qaub me ntsis, kub alkali, lossis tshuaj lom neeg ua kom huv.
- Asphalt, epoxy, yas, lossis slag los ntawm vuam yuav tsum tau muab ntxuav los ntawm cov xuab zeb lossis nrog lwm yam tshuaj txhuam hniav.
Kauj Ruam 2. Tshem cov xeb
Pickling yog ua nrog hydrochloric acid lossis kub sulfuric acid; nws tshem tawm ob qho xeb thiab zeb nplai.
Hauv qee kis, kev txhuam txhuam yuav txaus kom tshem tau cov xeb, lossis nws yuav tsim nyog siv ob qho tshuaj txhuam hniav thiab txhuam hniav. Hauv qee kis, cov ntawv txhuam loj xws li buckshot yog huab cua tawg mus rau cov hlau
Kauj Ruam 3. Muab cov hlau tso pov tseg
Hauv qhov no, "flux" yog kev daws teeb meem ntawm zinc ammonium chloride uas tshem tawm cov seem xeb thiab nplai thiab tiv thaiv cov hlau los ntawm xeb kom txog thaum nws tau ua tiav galvanized.
Kauj Ruam 4. Raus cov hlau hauv cov zinc yaj
Kev da dej ntawm cov zinc yaj yuav tsum muaj tsawg kawg yog 98 feem pua zinc thiab khaws cia ntawm qhov kub ntawm 815 txog 850 degrees F (435 txog 455 degrees C).
Thaum cov hlau tau raus dej hauv zinc da dej, nws cov hlau ua haujlwm nrog cov zinc los tsim ua cov txheej txheej txheej thiab txheej txheej ntawm cov zinc dawb huv
Kauj Ruam 5. Nqa cov galvanized hlau tawm ntawm cov zinc da dej maj mam
Feem ntau ntawm cov zinc ntau dhau yuav ntws tawm; dab tsi tsis ntws tawm tuaj yeem ua kom tawm lossis tig tawm hauv lub centrifuge.
Kauj Ruam 6. Txias cov hlau galvanized
Txias cov hlau kom tsis txhob muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv galvanization, uas txuas ntxiv mus ntev li ntev tau cov hlau yog qhov kub tib yam nws tau nyob rau thaum da dej hauv zinc da dej. Kev txias tuaj yeem ua tiav hauv ib qho ntawm ntau txoj hauv kev:
- Ua kom cov hlau nyob hauv qhov kev daws teeb meem xws li potassium hydroxide.
- Ntxuav cov hlau hauv dej.
- Cia cov hlau txias hauv qhov cua qhib.
Kauj Ruam 7. Tshawb xyuas cov hlau galvanized
Thaum cov hlau galvanized txias, xyuas nws kom ntseeg tau tias cov txheej zinc zoo, ua rau cov hlau, thiab tuab txaus. Muaj ntau qhov kev ntsuas uas tuaj yeem ua tau los xyuas kom cov galvanization ua tiav.
Cov qauv rau kub-dip galvanizing thiab tshuaj xyuas nws cov txiaj ntsig tau tsim los ntawm cov koom haum xws li American Society for Testing and Materials (tam sim no hu ua ASTM International), International Standards Organization (ISO), Canadian Standards Association (CSA), thiab Asmeskas Koom haum ntawm Xeev Txoj Kev Loj thiab Tsheb Thauj Mus Los (AASHTO).:
Txoj Kev 2 ntawm 4: Electrogalvanizing
Kauj Ruam 1. Npaj cov hlau raws li kub-dip galvanizing
Cov hlau yuav tsum tau muab ntxuav thiab de-xeb ua ntej electrogalvanization tuaj yeem tshwm sim.
Kauj Ruam 2. Npaj cov tshuaj zinc electrolyte
Zinc sulfate lossis zinc cyanide feem ntau yog siv rau cov electrolyte.
Kauj Ruam 3. Raus cov hlau hauv cov roj ntsha
Kev daws teeb meem yuav cuam tshuam nrog cov hlau kom ua rau cov zinc ua kom cov dej nag hla mus rau cov hlau, txheej nws. Cov hlau ntev dua nyob hauv cov electrolyte, cov tuab txheej uas yuav tsim tawm.
Thaum txoj kev no muaj kev tswj hwm ntau npaum li cas cov txheej txheej zinc zoo dua li kub-dip galvanizing, nws feem ntau tsis tso cai rau txheej kom dhau los ua tuab
Txoj Kev 3 ntawm 4: Sherardizing
Kauj Ruam 1. Npaj cov hlau ib yam li lwm txoj hauv kev galvanization
Ntxuav cov av nrog kua qaub los yog xuab zeb blasting raws li qhov tsim nyog thiab khaws cov xeb tawm.
Kauj Ruam 2. Muab cov hlau tso rau hauv qhov chaw tsis muaj cua
Kauj Ruam 3. Ib puag ncig cov hlau nrog cov hmoov zinc
Kauj Ruam 4. Kub cov hlau
Qhov no yaj cov hmoov zinc rau hauv cov kua uas, thaum txias, tawm hauv cov txheej txheej nyias nyias.
Sherardizing yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws siv rau cov duab zoo li cov hlau, raws li txheej txheej galvanic yuav ua raws cov teeb tsa ntawm cov hlau hauv qab. Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws siv nrog cov khoom me me uas haum
Txoj Kev 4 ntawm 4: Tshuaj Txhuam Txhuam Hniav
Kauj Ruam 1. Npaj cov hlau ib yam li lwm txoj hauv kev
Ntxuav tag nrho cov av thiab tshem cov xeb kom nws npaj tau txau.
Kauj Ruam 2. Txau rau ntawm cov xim zinc uas yaj tas
Kauj Ruam 3. Ua kom sov cov hlau coated kom ntseeg tau tias muaj kev sib raug zoo
Cov txheej txheej Galvanic tsim nrog cov txheej txheem no tsis muaj qhov nkig thiab tsis nquag ua rau tev thiab flaking, tab sis muab kev tiv thaiv tsawg dua los ntawm xeb rau cov hlau hauv qab
Lub tswv yim
- Galvanized hlau tuaj yeem tiv thaiv ntxiv los ntawm kev xeb los ntawm kev pleev xim nws nrog xim xim nrog zinc hmoov av. Zinc-based xim tsis tuaj yeem siv los hloov pauv rau galvanization, txawm li cas los xij.
- Thaum pleev xim, cov hlau galvanized yuav muaj qhov zoo li spangled.
- Galvanized hlau tiv taus kom corroded los ntawm kev sib cuag nrog cov qhob, cug, txhuas, txhuas, tin, thiab, tau kawg, zinc.
- Galvanization yog ib daim ntawv ntawm qhov hu ua cathodic tiv thaiv, qhov twg tiv thaiv hlau ua raws li cathode hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv hluav taws xob thiab tiv thaiv hlau ua raws li anode, lossis tshwj xeeb tshaj yog, anode txi uas corrodes nyob hauv qhov chaw tiv thaiv hlau. Cov hlau uas tau pleev xim nrog cov hlau anode fij qee zaum hu ua hlau anodized.
Lus ceeb toom
- Zinc txheej los ntawm cov hlau galvanized tsis yooj yim rau xeb los ntawm cov kua qaub thiab alkalines (hauv paus). Nws yog qhov tshwj xeeb tshaj yog muaj kev phom sij rau sulfuric thiab sulfurous acids, uas tuaj yeem tsim los ntawm kev sib xyaw ntawm hydrogen sulfide thiab sulfur dioxide nrog dej nag (kua qaub nag), ua rau tsis zoo yog tias nag tau ntws tawm ntawm cov ntoo ntoo los yog ntxhuav. Dej nag kuj tseem tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nrog zinc txheej los ua zinc carbonate. Lub sijhawm dhau los, cov zinc carbonate yuav tawg thiab thaum kawg nthuav tawm zinc alloy lossis txawm tias lub hauv paus hlau hauv qab kom xeb.
- Galvanized hlau nyuaj rau xim dua li cov hlau tsis-galvanized.
- Galvanized hlau muaj kev tiv thaiv me ntsis los ntawm kev sib cuag nrog cov hlau uas tsis yog txhuas, txhuas, tin, lossis zinc. Nws tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tiv taus xeb nyob ib ncig ntawm cov hlau, hlau, thiab tooj liab, ntxiv rau tom ntej ntawm cov cement uas muaj chlorides lossis sulfates.
- Zinc txheej hauv cov hlau galvanized kuj tseem muaj kev phom sij rau hlau, vim tias zinc nquag nthuav dav thaum ua kom sov thiab sib cog lus thaum txias.
