Kev sau cov ntawv yog ib txoj hauv kev yooj yim los npaj cov ntaub ntawv uas tso cai rau koj khaws sai, nkag mus, thiab tswj hwm koj tus kheej thiab lag luam cov ntaub ntawv
Los ntawm kev ua raws cov ntawv sau hauv koj lub neej, koj yuav ua kom txhua daim ntawv raug tiv thaiv thiab npaj tau. Muaj ntau txoj cai tswjfwm yuav ua li cas ua ntawv hauv lus Askiv txhawm rau khaws cov ntaub ntawv nkag siab zoo. Luckily, nws yooj yim los pib nrog cov ntaub ntawv tshiab thiab tseem tsis yog qhov nyuaj hloov pauv yog tias koj xav tau rov teeb tsa!
Cov kauj ruam
Ntu 1 ntawm 2: Ua Ntawv Sau Npe
Kauj Ruam 1. Txiav txim siab txog kab ntawv uas koj yuav siv
Txawm tias qee yam zoo li ncaj qha raws li cov ntawv teev npe muaj ntau txoj hauv kev xaiv los ntawm. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas koj xaiv ib qho system thiab siv nws tas li.
- Cov ntawv sau ua ntawv txiav txim siab txhua tsab ntawv hauv txhua lo lus raws li qhov pom, tsis quav ntsej txhua qhov chaw nruab nrab ntawm cov lus.
- Lo lus-los-lo lus ua cov khoom xaj raws li thawj tsab ntawv ntawm txhua lo lus ua ntu zus.
- Kev sau npe hauv ib chav yuav suav nrog txhua lo lus, cov ntawv luv, thiab qhov pib, xaj cov khoom raws li cov no. Feem ntau qhov kev pom zoo los ntawm ib chav tsev.
Kauj Ruam 2. Pawg khoom
Thaum koj muaj tag nrho cov khoom koj xav tau ua ntawv, txiav txim siab yuav ua li cas koj thiaj xav faib cov ntaub ntawv. Koj tuaj yeem xaiv cov ntawv txhais lus txhais lus, uas txhua cov ntaub ntawv tau muab tso rau hauv ib qho kev ua niam ntawv, tsis hais hom ntaub ntawv lossis cov khoom nws muaj. Koj kuj tseem tuaj yeem siv cov ntawv encyclopedia, uas cov khoom tau muab cais ua pawg lossis hom, thiab tom qab ntawd txhua pawg tau teev tseg.
Yog tias koj muaj ntau yam sib txawv ntawm cov khoom uas yuav tsum tau ua (zaub mov txawv, daim ntawv them se, ntawv sau, thiab lwm yam), tom qab ntawd nws tuaj yeem pab tau siv cov ntawv encyclopedia. Pawg cov khoom los ntawm hom ua ntej, tom qab ntawv sau cov khoom hauv txhua pab pawg. Khaws cov pab pawg sib cais siv cov faib lossis xim xim
Kauj Ruam 3. Txheeb xyuas koj cov ntaub ntawv
Kev ntsuas ntsuas yog tus yam ntxwv ntawm kev tso txhua ntu ntawm cov npe hauv chav kom raug. Txhawm rau ntsuas cov khoom ua ntej ua lawv, koj yuav tsum zom cov ntsiab lus ntawm txhua yam khoom lub npe thiab tsim cov npe tshiab ntawm cov tsiaj ntawv, uas yuav txawv ntawm lub npe tus qauv. Piv txwv li:
- Piv txwv tias koj muaj cov khoom hauv qab no los ntsuas thiab ua ntaub ntawv: ib tsab xov xwm ntawm aardvarks muaj lub npe "Nocturnal Feeding of Aardvarks," cov ntawv sau keeb kwm sau tseg aardvark tus kws tshaj lij Jane A. Doe, thiab daim ntawv tshaj tawm rau Detroit Zoo aardvark cov khoom pov thawj.
- Phau ntawv keeb kwm ntawm Jane A. Doe yuav raug ntsuas raws li "Doe, Jane A.," txij li lub npe dhau los ua ntej hauv kev ua ntaub ntawv. Nws yuav raug foob nyob hauv tsab ntawv "D."
- Kab lus "Noj Hmo Nocturnal ntawm Aardvarks" tuaj yeem raug ntsuas raws li-yog, yog tias koj xaiv phau ntawv txhais lus-style pawg. Nws tuaj yeem raug foob hauv tsab ntawv "N" (rau "Nocturnal"), siv pawg no.
- Xwb, koj tuaj yeem ntsuas "Nocturnal Feeding of Aardvarks" raws li "Aardvarks, Nocturnal Feeding of." Qhov no yuav ua rau muaj kev nkag siab yog tias koj tau siv cov pab pawg zoo ib yam li phau encyclopedia, thiab tsis yog sau cov khoom ntsig txog aardvarks. Cov khoom yuav raug foob hauv qab "A."
- Cov ntawv tshaj tawm tuaj yeem ntsuas ua "Aardvarks, cov khoom pov thawj (Detroit Zoo)." Qhov no yuav ua rau muaj kev nkag siab yog tias koj cia siab tias yuav muaj ntau cov ntaub ntawv ntawm aardvark cov khoom pov thawj-piv txwv li, koj yuav muaj lwm yam khoom siv los ua piv txwv li "Aardvarks, cov khoom pov thawj (Toledo) Zoo).”
- Xwb, daim ntawv tshaj tawm yuav raug ntsuas raws li "Detroit Zoo (Aardvark Exhibit)." Qhov no yuav ua rau muaj kev nkag siab yog tias koj cia siab tias yuav muaj ntau yam khoom cuam tshuam nrog Detroit Zoo, lossis yog tias koj xav siv cov npe zoo li pab pawg ua cov ntawv los ntawm thaj chaw nyob
Kauj Ruam 4. Txheeb cov ntaub ntawv raws tus lej cim npe
Txoj cai dav dav rau kev sau cov tsiaj ntawv yog npaj cov khoom raws li A (thawj) txog Z (kawg). Siv cov lus qhia tshwj xeeb kom paub qhov sib txawv ntawm thiab txiav txim cov khoom sib cais. Piv txwv li:
- Qhov kev txiav txim ntawm koj cov ntaub ntawv ntsuas hauv cov kauj ruam dhau los tuaj yeem yog (nyob ntawm qhov system koj siv): "Doe, Jane A.," "Detroit Zoo (Aardvark Exhibit)," thiab "Nocturnal Feeding of Aardvarks" LOS YOG "Aardvarks, cov khoom pov thawj (Detroit Zoo), "" Aardvarks, Nocturnal Feeding of, "thiab" Doe, Jane A."
- Cov ntaub ntawv rau "Wallaby" yuav tuaj tom qab cov ntaub ntawv rau "Emu." Cov ntaub ntawv rau "Kangaroo" yuav los ntawm, thiab cov ntaub ntawv rau "Aardvark" yuav los ua ntej ib qho rau "Bear" thiab ib qho rau "Emu." Qhov no yuav muab cov ntawv xaj hauv qab no rau koj: "Aardvark," "Bear," "Emu," "Kangaroo," "Wallaby."
- Yog tias koj ntxiv cov ntaub ntawv rau "Anteater," nws yuav tuaj tom qab cov ntaub ntawv rau "Aardvark." Txij li ob qho tib si pib nrog tsab ntawv "A," koj yuav tsum saib tsab ntawv thib ob ntawm txhua lo lus ("N" thiab "A," feem) txhawm rau txiav txim qhov kev txiav txim, thiab tom qab ntawd npaj cov ntaub ntawv raws li qhov no. Qhov kev txiav txim tshiab yuav yog: "Aardvark," "Anteater," "Bear," "Emu," "Kangaroo," "Wallaby."
Kauj Ruam 5. Sau koj cov ntawv tais ceev tseg
Txhawm rau kom yooj yim los nrhiav cov khoom, sau txhua daim ntawv tais ceev tseg nrog lub npe txheeb xyuas kom raug ntawm cov khoom nws muaj. Qhov no tseem yuav ua kom yooj yim dua los qhia cov ntaub ntawv tshiab kom raug.
- Muab cov khoom tso rau hauv daim nplaub tshev uas tau xaiv rau lawv.
- Koj kuj tseem yuav pom nws muaj txiaj ntsig los xim xim koj cov ntaub ntawv txhawm rau txhim kho kev siv tau. Piv txwv li, yog tias koj tab tom siv cov pab pawg zoo li encyclopedia, muab txhua pab pawg cais xim, thiab sau txhua yam khoom/ntawv hauv txhua pawg nrog nws cov xim.
Kauj Ruam 6. Sau cov ntawv txheeb xyuas thiab ua cov txheej txheem
Ua kom zoo ib yam nrog koj qhov kev ntsuas thiab ua ntaub ntawv thov, txawm nws yog dab tsi. Xyuas kom txhua tus neeg uas muaj kev nkag mus rau cov ntaub ntawv tau paub txog qhov system. Piv txwv li, koj tuaj yeem tsim thiab sib qhia ib daim ntawv uas qhia meej txog koj cov cai ua ntaub ntawv thov. Qhov no yuav pab txhua tus tuaj yeem siv cov txheej txheem ua ntaub ntawv thov tau zoo.
Kauj Ruam 7. Ua cov khoom tshiab kom raug
Muab cov ntaub ntawv tso rau hauv lub txee raws cov cim npe thiab cov ntawv xaj, raws li cov kab ke uas koj siv. Hloov cov ntaub ntawv tam sim no raws li xav tau los tso cov ntaub ntawv tshiab hauv qhov chaw raug.
Ntu 2 ntawm 2: Hais Txog Cov Teeb Meem Tshwj Xeeb
Kauj Ruam 1. Sau cov khoom raws li lawv lub sijhawm tseem ceeb
Qee zaum, nws ua rau nkag siab los sau cov khoom raws li cov lus tseem ceeb, tsis hais txog qhov kev txiav txim uas cov lus hauv lub npe lossis lub npe tshwm. Qhov no ua kom ntseeg tau tias cov ntaub ntawv tuaj yeem raug ntsuas thiab nyob ntawm qhov siv lub sijhawm muaj txiaj ntsig tshaj plaws. Piv txwv li
"Thawj Lub Tuam Txhab Nyiaj Txiag ntawm Chicago" tuaj yeem raug ntsuas thiab xa ua "Chicago, Thawj Lub Tuam Txhab ntawm." "Chicago" yog lo lus tseem ceeb hauv qhov nkag no, ntau dua li "Thawj" lossis "Bank," tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias koj yuav muaj lwm yam khoom uas muaj npe zoo ib yam, xws li "Thawj Lub Tuam Txhab ntawm Tulsa" lossis "Chicago Bank thiab Trust."
Kauj Ruam 2. Txiav txim cov npe los ntawm lub xeem
Cov qauv ua ntaub ntawv raug pom zoo kom txheeb xyuas cov tib neeg los ntawm lub xeem lub npe, txij li lub npe raug suav tias yog lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb.
- Yog li, "Jane A. Doe" yuav raug ntsuas thiab xa ua "Doe, Jane A."
- Muab lub npe (Dr., Mrs., Major, thiab lwm yam) rau thaum kawg. “Dr. Piv txwv li, Jane A. Doe, "yuav raug ntsuas thiab xa ua" Doe, Jane A., Dr."
- Feem ntau, xaj cov npe raws li lawv tau sau, sau ua ntawv. Piv txwv li, “MacDonald” yuav los ua ntej “McDonald.” Ib yam nkaus, “D”, “L”, “Le,” “de,” thiab lwm yam raug suav hais tias yog ib feem ntawm lub npe, tsis cais chav nyob. Piv txwv li, xaj cov ntaub ntawv "Heinlein," "Le Guin" "L'Engle," thiab "Wolfe" hauv qhov kev txiav txim (thiab tsis yog "L'Engle," Le Guin, "" Heinlein, "" Wolfe ").
- Ib qho kev zam rau cov cai no hais txog cov npe yog thaum ib tus neeg lub npe ua ib feem ntawm kev lag luam lossis lub npe lub npe. Hauv cov xwm txheej no, kho tus neeg lub npe raws li chav nyob hauv lub npe lag luam. Piv txwv li, "Jane A. Doe Pest Control" yuav raug foob nyob rau hauv "J," thiab Tsis suav tias yog "Doe, Jane A. Pest Control."
Kauj Ruam 3. Tsis quav ntsej cov ntawv, kev sib txuas, thiab cov lus piav qhia
Cov kab lus (xws li "a," "an," thiab "the"), kev sib txuas (xws li "thiab," "tab sis," thiab "lossis"), thiab cov lus piav qhia (xws li "rau," "ntawm," thiab "Hauv") feem ntau hla thaum ntsuas thiab ua cov tsiaj ntawv, vim tias lawv tsis suav tias yog cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb. Nov yog qhov xwm txheej txawm tias thaum lawv tsim qhov pib ntawm cov khoom npe. Piv txwv li:
- "Kev Tshawb Fawb ntawm Emu Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv" yuav raug foob hauv "E," rau "Emu" (lo lus tseem ceeb hauv cov npe khoom no), tsis yog "A" rau "an."
- "Doe thiab Smith Pest Control" yuav raug foob tom qab "Doe, Jane A." Ob lub npe txheeb xyuas pib nrog lo lus "Doe," yog li koj txav mus rau lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb tom ntej hauv txhua ("Smith" thiab "Jane," feem) los txiav txim cov ntawv xaj. Tsis quav ntsej lo lus "thiab," vim nws tsis tseem ceeb.
Kauj Ruam 4. Kho cov ntawv luv zoo li lawv tau sau tawm
Thaum ntsuas thiab ua cov khoom, koj tuaj yeem ntsib cov ntawv luv xws li "Mfg." (rau "Manufacturing") lossis "Inc." (rau “Kev Koom Tes). Feem ntau, koj yuav tsum ntsuas thiab ua cov ntaub ntawv zoo li cov ntawv luv no tau sau tawm, tsis yog yooj yim li cov hlua ntawm cov tsiaj ntawv.
Piv txwv li, "Jane A. Doe Mining Company" yuav raug foob tom qab "Jane A. Doe Mfg."
Kauj Ruam 5. Sau cov lej ib txwm
Thaum ua cov khoom raws tus lej, koj yuav ntsib tus lej hauv lawv lub npe. Feem ntau, cov ntaub ntawv tus lej ib txwm, tsis zoo li lawv tau sau tawm. Cov lej kuj tau ua ua ntej ntawv.
- Piv txwv li, "3M Lub Tuam Txhab" yuav raug xa ua ntej "100 Lub Tswv Yim Lag Luam Zoo" (txij li "3" los ua ntej "100").
- "Cov Tswv Yim Lag Luam Zoo" thiab "Cov Thawj Coj Lag Luam Zoo" yuav raug foob tom qab "100 Cov Tswv Yim Lag Luam Zoo," txij li cov lej tau npaj ua ntej ntawv.
- Cov zauv uas twb tau sau tawm raug kho raws li cov lus, ntau dua li cov lej. Piv txwv li, xa cov khoom "100 Tus Thawj Coj Ua Lag Luam Zoo," "Cov Tswv Yim Lag Luam Zoo," thiab "Ob puas Lub Tswv Yim Lag Luam Zoo" hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawd.
- Yog tias nws ua haujlwm rau koj lub hom phiaj ua ntaub ntawv, txawm li cas los xij, koj tuaj yeem ua qhov tshwj xeeb thiab ib txwm ua cov lej raws li lawv tau sau tawm.
Kauj Ruam 6. Deal nrog txhua tus cim tshwj xeeb
Ib qho uas tsis yog tsiaj ntawv lossis tsis yog tus lej uas koj ntsib thaum ntsuas thiab ua cov khoom yuav tsum raug coj mus rau hauv tus account. Yuav ua li cas nrog cov cim no, txawm li cas los xij, nyob ntawm lawv hom:
- Cov cim cim (xws li kab lus luv, lub sijhawm, thiab tus lej) feem ntau tsis quav ntsej thaum ntsuas thiab ua cov khoom. Piv txwv li, sau "Washington's Best Coffee," thiab "Washington State Fair" hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawd.
- Diacritics raug kho raws li tsab ntawv sib xws, tsis muaj cov cim diacritic. Piv txwv li, ua ntaub ntawv “Éclair” li “Eclair,” thiab “”ber” ua “Uber.” Qhov kev zam rau qhov no yog thaum koj ua ntawv raws li cov tsiaj ntawv ntawm cov lus uas siv cov ntawv sau ua paj lug, qhov xwm txheej twg koj yuav tsum ua raws li tus ntawv ib txwm ua ntawm cov lus ntawd.
Kauj Ruam 7. Siv txoj cai dav dav "tsis muaj dab tsi ua ntej ib yam dab tsi" thaum tsim nyog
Feem ntau, qhov chaw (suav nrog cov cim cim cim thiab lwm yam uas tau hla) tau raug tsis quav ntsej thaum ua cov tsiaj ntawv. Txawm li cas los xij, hauv cov xwm txheej uas koj muaj cov khoom uas pib zoo ib yam, siv qhov chaw lossis txoj cai "tsis muaj dab tsi ua ntej ib yam dab tsi" los txiav txim daim ntawv xaj.
- Piv txwv li, xa daim ntawv "North East Bank," "North East Manufacturing" thiab "Northeast Bank," hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawd.
- Ib yam nkaus, "Doe, Jane A." yuav raug foob ua ntej "Doe, Jane A., Dr."
Kauj Ruam 8. Paub cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws, thaum tsim nyog
Hauv qhov tsawg zaus, cov ntaub ntawv xov xwm tsis txaus los txiav txim qhov kev txiav txim ntawm cov ntaub ntawv. Hauv cov xwm txheej no, koj yuav tsum siv cov ntaub ntawv ntxiv los ntsuas thiab xaj khoom. Kos cov lus qhia ntxiv no ntawm cov ntaub ntawv ntsig txog txhawm rau pab koj paub qhov txawv ntawm lawv. Piv txwv li:
- Yog tias koj muaj cov khoom rau ob tus neeg sib txawv hu ua Jane A. Doe, koj tuaj yeem xaj lawv los ntawm hnub yug. Cov ntaub ntawv "Doe, Jane A. (b. 1853)" yuav yog li ua ntej ua ntaub ntawv "Doe, Jane A. (b. 1967).
- Koj kuj tseem tuaj yeem xaj cov khoom raws li thaj chaw thaum koj xav tau qhov sib txawv. Yog tias koj muaj cov ntaub ntawv rau peb lub txhab nyiaj sib txawv hauv peb qhov chaw sib txawv, thiab txhua lub txhab nyiaj hu ua "First United Bank and Trust," koj tuaj yeem xaj lawv raws tus lej raws li "First United Bank and Trust (Georgia)", "First United Bank thiab Ntseeg (Oklahoma),”thiab“First United Bank and Trust (South Dakota).”
- Ib yam nkaus, yog tias koj muaj cov khoom rau ob tus dais sib txawv lossis hom bears, koj yuav paub qhov txawv ntawm lawv ntxiv, raws li hom tsiaj, thaj chaw nyob, thiab lwm yam. hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawd), lossis cov ntaub ntawv ntawm "Bears (European)" thiab "Bears (North American)" (hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawd).
Kauj Ruam 9. Tshaj tawm cov kev zam thiab cov cai tshwj xeeb
Nco ntsoov tias txhua tus neeg uas siv koj cov ntaub ntawv paub txog ib qho kev zam rau cov txheej txheem txheej txheem uas tau muab coj los rau hauv koj li kab ke. Qhov no yuav pab xyuas kom txhua tus tuaj yeem siv cov ntaub ntawv teev npe kom raug thiab muaj txiaj ntsig.
