Kev sau nkauj sab hnub poob yog hom lus uas tau txhim kho rau ntau txhiab xyoo, thiab txawm tias cov nkauj peb nyeem niaj hnub no tau nyob ib puag ncig ntau dua 300 xyoo. Cov cim suab paj nruag yog qhov sawv cev ntawm lub suab nrog cov cim, los ntawm cov cim tseem ceeb rau lub suab, lub sijhawm, thiab sijhawm, mus rau kev piav qhia ntau dua ntawm kev hais tawm, timbre, thiab txawm tias muaj txiaj ntsig tshwj xeeb. Kab lus no yuav qhia koj txog qhov pib ntawm kev nyeem nkauj, qhia koj qee txoj hauv kev ntau dua, thiab qhia qee txoj hauv kev kom tau txais kev paub ntau ntxiv txog cov ncauj lus.
Cov kauj ruam
Ntu 1 ntawm 7: Kawm Cov Hauv Paus
Kauj Ruam 1. Tau tuav ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm
Ua ntej koj npaj txhij pib kawm suab paj nruag, koj yuav tsum nkag siab txog cov ntaub ntawv yooj yim uas yuav luag txhua tus neeg uas nyeem nkauj yuav tsum paub. Cov kab kab rov tav ntawm ib daim nkauj ua tus neeg ua haujlwm. Nov yog qhov yooj yim tshaj plaws ntawm txhua lub cim suab paj nruag thiab lub hauv paus rau txhua yam uas yuav tsum ua raws.
Cov neeg ua haujlwm yog npaj tsib txoj kab sib luag, thiab qhov chaw nruab nrab ntawm lawv. Ob txoj kab thiab qhov chaw tau suav rau cov hom phiaj siv, thiab ib txwm suav los ntawm qis tshaj (hauv qab ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm) mus rau siab tshaj (sab saum toj ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm)
Kauj Ruam 2. Pib nrog treble clef
Ib qho ntawm thawj yam uas koj yuav ntsib thaum nyeem cov nkauj yog lub ntsej muag. Lub cim no, uas zoo li lub cim loj, zoo nkauj hais lus tsis zoo nyob rau sab laug ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm, yog cov lus dab neeg uas qhia koj kwv yees kwv yees ntau npaum li cas koj lub cuab yeej yuav ua si. zaj lus qhia no los nyeem nkauj, peb yuav tsom mus rau qhov tshwj xeeb no rau peb cov piv txwv.
- Treble clef, lossis G clef, tau muab los ntawm cov ntawv Latin uas ntxim nyiam G. Ib txoj hauv kev zoo kom nco tau qhov no yog kab ntawv nyob nruab nrab ntawm cov clef "swirl" qhwv ncig kab uas sawv cev rau daim ntawv G. Thaum sau ntawv ntxiv rau cov neeg ua haujlwm hauv treble clef, lawv yuav muaj qhov zoo li hauv qab no:
- Tsib kab, txij hauv qab mus, sawv cev rau cov ntawv sau hauv qab no: E G B D F.
- Plaub qhov chaw, txij hauv qab, sawv cev rau cov ntawv no: F A C E.
- Qhov no yuav zoo li nco ntsoov ntau, tab sis koj tuaj yeem siv mnemonics-lossis lo lus cues-uas yuav pab koj nco qab lawv. Txog kab ntawv, "Txhua Tus Tub Zoo Ua Tau Zoo" yog ib lub suab nrov nrov, thiab qhov chaw sau lo lus "FACE." Kev xyaum ua nrog cov cuab yeej lees paub online yog lwm txoj hauv kev zoo los txhawb cov koom haum no.
Kauj Ruam 3. Nkag siab txog cov ntses bass thaj tsam
Cov ntses bass thaj tsam, tseem hu ua F clef, yog siv rau cov cuab yeej hauv cov npe qis, suav nrog sab tes laug ntawm ntaus piano, ntaus guitar, trombone, thiab ntxiv rau.
- Lub npe "F clef" tau txais los ntawm nws keeb kwm raws li Gothic tsab ntawv F. Ob lub hauv paus ntawm lub ntsej muag dag saum toj no thiab hauv qab kab "F" ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm. Cov neeg ua haujlwm ntawm bass clef sawv cev rau cov ntawv sib txawv dua li ntawm treble clef.
- Tsib kab, hauv qab mus rau saum, sawv cev rau cov ntawv no: G B D F A ("Good Boys Don't Fool Around").
- Plaub qhov chaw, hauv qab mus rau saum, sawv cev cov ntawv no: A C E G ("Txhua Tus Nyuj Nyom Nyom Nyom").
Kauj Ruam 4. Kawm ntu ntawm daim ntawv ceeb toom
Cov cim cim tus kheej yog kev sib xyaw ua ke txog li peb lub hauv paus ntsiab lus: lub taub hau nco, lub hauv paus, thiab tus chij.
- Lub taub hau ceeb toom. Qhov no yog lub ntsej muag oval uas qhib (dawb) lossis kaw (dub). Ntawm nws qhov yooj yim tshaj plaws, nws qhia tus neeg ua yeeb yam dab tsi yuav tsum ua si ntawm lawv lub cuab yeej.
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Lub qia. Nov yog txoj kab nyias nyias uas txuas rau lub taub hau ceeb toom. Thaum lub qia taw qhia, nws koom nrog sab xis ntawm lub taub hau ceeb toom. Thaum lub qia taw qhia qis, nws koom nrog lub taub hau ntawm sab laug. Cov lus taw qhia ntawm cov qia tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam rau ntawm daim ntawv, tab sis nws ua rau cov ntawv sau nyeem tau yooj yim dua thiab tsis tshua muaj neeg tawg.
Txoj cai dav dav ntawm kev taw qhia qia yog nyob ntawm lossis siab dua ntawm kab nruab nrab (B rau treble clef lossis D rau bass clef) ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm, cov qia taw qhia qis, thiab thaum sau ntawv qis dua nruab nrab ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm, cov qia taw tes nce
- Tus chij. Qhov no yog qhov nkhaus nkhaus uas tau txuas rau qhov kawg ntawm lub qia. Tsis muaj teeb meem yog tias lub qia tau koom nrog rau sab xis lossis sab laug ntawm lub taub hau ceeb toom, tus chij ib txwm kos rau sab xis ntawm lub qia, thiab tsis txhob mus rau sab laug!
- Ua ke ua ke, sau ntawv, qia, thiab chij lossis chij qhia tus kws ntaus nkauj lub sijhawm muaj nuj nqis rau ib qho kev ceeb toom twg, raws li ntsuas hauv cov neeg ntaus lossis feem ntawm cov neeg ntaus. Thaum koj mloog nkauj, thiab koj tab tom tuav koj txhais taw nyob rau lub sijhawm rau cov nkauj, koj tau lees paub qhov kev ntaus.
Ntu 2 ntawm 7: Nyeem Meter thiab Sijhawm
Kauj Ruam 1. Kawm txog kab ntsuas
Ntawm ib daim ntawv ntawm cov nkauj, koj yuav pom cov kab ntsug ntsug hla cov neeg ua haujlwm nyob rau qhov tsis tu ncua. Cov kab no sawv cev ntsuas (hu ua "tuav" hauv qee qhov chaw); qhov chaw ua ntej thawj kab yog thawj qhov ntsuas, qhov chaw nruab nrab ntawm kab thib ib thiab thib ob yog ntsuas thib ob, thiab ntxiv rau. Ntsuas kab tsis cuam tshuam li cas lub suab paj nruag suab, tab sis lawv pab tus ua yeeb yam khaws lawv qhov chaw hauv suab paj nruag.
Raws li peb yuav pom hauv qab no, lwm qhov ua tau zoo txog kev ntsuas yog txhua tus tau txais tus lej tib yam. Piv txwv li, yog tias koj pom koj tus kheej tapping "1-2-3-4" nrog rau cov nkauj hauv xov tooj cua, koj yuav pom qhov tsis nco qab pom kab ntsuas
Kauj Ruam 2. Kawm txog lub sijhawm, lossis ntsuas ntsuas
Cov ntsuas tuaj yeem xav feem ntau ntawm "mem tes" lossis ntaus suab paj nruag. Koj xav tias nws xav tsis thoob thaum koj mloog nkauj lossis ntaus nkauj; qhov "tawg paj, tawg paj, tawg paj tawg, tawg paj tawg paj" ntawm txoj kev ua yeeb yam taug txuj kev nyuaj yog piv txwv yooj yim ntawm lub ntsuas.
- Ntawm ib daim ntawv ntawm cov nkauj, kev ntaus yeej yog qhia los ntawm qee yam uas zoo li ib feem sau tom ntej ntawm thawj lub cim xeeb. Zoo li ib feem me me, muaj ib tus lej, thiab ib tus lej. Tus lej, sau rau saum ob qhov chaw ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm, qhia koj tias muaj pes tsawg tus neeg ntaus nyob hauv ib qho kev ntsuas. Tus lej sib faib qhia koj tus nqi sau cia uas tau txais ib qho kev ntaus ("mem tes" uas koj coj koj tus ntiv taw mus).
- Tej zaum qhov ntsuas yooj yim tshaj plaws kom nkag siab yog 4/4 lub sijhawm, lossis lub sijhawm "ib txwm". Hauv 4/4 lub sijhawm, muaj plaub tus neeg ntaus hauv txhua qhov ntsuas thiab txhua lub hlis ntawv ceeb toom sib npaug rau ib zaug. Nov yog lub sijhawm kos npe uas koj yuav hnov hauv cov nkauj nrov tshaj plaws. Koj tuaj yeem suav nrog lub sijhawm siv suab paj nruag los ntawm suav "Ib ob peb peb plaub IB ib ob peb plaub …" rau qhov yeej.
- Los ntawm kev hloov tus lej, peb hloov tus lej ntaus hauv qhov ntsuas. Lwm lub sijhawm kos npe ntau heev yog 3/4. Piv txwv li, feem ntau waltzes yuav muaj "ONE ob peb ONE ib ob peb peb" tuav, ua rau lawv nyob hauv 3/4 zaug.
- Qee qhov ntsuas yuav pom nrog tsab ntawv C hloov ntawm ob tus lej. 4/4 lub sijhawm feem ntau pom tias yog C loj, uas sawv cev rau lub sijhawm sib xws. Ib yam li ntawd, 2/2 meter feem ntau pom tias yog C loj nrog kab ntsug los ntawm nws. C nrog kab los ntawm nws sawv rau lub sijhawm txiav (qee zaum hu ua ib nrab sijhawm)
Ntu 3 ntawm 7: Kawm Rhythm
Kauj Ruam 1. Nkag mus rau hauv qhov zawj
Txij li nws suav nrog lub ntsuas thiab lub sijhawm, "kev sib dhos" yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev mloog nkauj li cas. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov ntsuas qhov yooj yim qhia koj pes tsawg tus neeg ntaus, suab paj nruag yog li cas cov neeg ntaus tau siv.
- Sim qhov no: coj koj tus ntiv tes ntawm koj lub rooj, thiab suav 1-2-3-4 1-2-3-4, tsis tu ncua. Tsis nthuav heev, puas yog? Tam sim no sim qhov no: ntawm ntaus 1 thiab 3, kais nrov dua, thiab ntawm ntaus 2 thiab 4, coj mus rhaub dua. Qhov ntawd tau txais qhov kev xav sib txawv rau nws! Tam sim no sim rov qab: tapping nrov nrov ntawm 2 thiab 4, thiab muag ntawm ntaus 1 thiab 3.
- Txheeb xyuas Regina Spektor Tsis Txhob Tso Kuv. Koj tuaj yeem hnov lub suab sib dhos kom meej: cov lus ntsiag to ntsiag to tshwm sim ntawm kev ntaus 1 thiab ntaus 3, thiab nrov nrov npuaj thiab nruas nruas tshwm sim ntawm neeg ntaus 2 thiab 4. Koj yuav pib nkag siab tias yuav ua suab nkauj li cas. Nov yog qhov peb hu ua kev sib dhos!
Kauj Ruam 2. Xav txog koj tus kheej taug kev
Txhua tus hneev taw yuav sib npaug ib zaug. Cov no yog cov sawv cev suab paj nruag los ntawm peb lub hlis sau tseg vim tias ntau ntawm Western suab paj nruag (lub ntsiab lus nkauj ntawm lub ntiaj teb sab hnub poob, tsis yog suab paj nruag ntawm Hank Williams!), Muaj plaub ntawm cov neeg ntaus rau txhua qhov ntsuas. Musically, qhov sib dhos ntawm koj taug kev yuav zoo li no:
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Txhua kauj ruam yog ib-ntu lus ceeb toom. Ntawm ib daim ntawv nkauj, daim ntawv teev tseg peb lub hlis yog cov xim dub uas ruaj rau ntawm cov qia yam tsis muaj chij. Koj tuaj yeem suav qhov ntawd thaum koj taug kev: 1, 2, 3, 4-1, 2, 3, tw
Cov ntawv sau hauv peb lub hlis raug xa mus ua "crotchets" hauv qee qhov chaw, xws li UK
- Yog tias koj yuav tsum ua kom koj qeeb qeeb mus rau ib nrab ntawm qhov nrawm, yog li koj tsuas yog ua ib kauj ruam txhua ob qhov kev ntaus ntawm 1 thiab ntawm 3, uas yuav raug sau tseg nrog ib nrab ntawv (rau ib nrab ntsuas). Ntawm ib daim ntawv nkauj, ib nrab ntawv zoo li daim ntawv peb hlis, tsuas yog lawv tsis tawv dub; lawv tau hais tseg hauv cov xim dub nrog cov chaw dawb.
- Hauv qee qhov chaw, ib nrab sau ntawv hu ua "minims".
- Yog tias koj ua kom koj qeeb qeeb ntxiv mus, yog li koj tsuas yog ua ib kauj ruam txhua plaub qhov kev ntaus, ntawm ib qho, koj yuav sau qhov ntawd raws li tag nrho cov ntawv-lossis ib qho ntawv rau ib qho ntsuas. Ntawm ib daim ntawv nkauj, sau tag nrho zoo li "O" s lossis donuts; zoo ib yam li ib nrab ntawv tsis muaj qia.
Kauj Ruam 3. Tos kom nrawm
Txaus qhov no qeeb. Raws li koj tau pom, raws li peb qeeb cov ntawv sau tseg, peb pib tshem tawm cov ntawv me me. Ua ntej, peb tshem daim ntawv ruaj khov, tom qab ntawd peb tshem cov qia. Tam sim no cia saib cov khoom nrawm. Txhawm rau ua qhov ntawd, peb yuav ntxiv cov khoom rau hauv daim ntawv.
- Rov qab mus rau peb lub sijhawm taug kev, thiab thaij duab hauv koj lub siab (kais koj txhais taw kom nrawm tuaj yeem pab tau). Tam sim no xav txog tias koj lub tsheb npav nyuam qhuav rub mus txog qhov chaw nres tsheb, thiab koj nyob ze ntawm qhov thaiv. Koj ua dab tsi? Koj khiav! Thiab thaum koj khiav, koj sim chij tus tsav tsheb npav.
- Txhawm rau sau ntawv sai dua hauv suab paj nruag, peb ntxiv tus chij. Txhua tus chij txiav lub sijhawm tus nqi ntawm daim ntawv hauv ib nrab. Piv txwv li, daim ntawv yim (uas tau txais ib tus chij) yog 1/2 tus nqi ntawm peb lub hlis ntawv ceeb toom; thiab daim ntawv 16 (uas tau txais ob tus chij) yog 1/2 tus nqi ntawm daim ntawv thib yim. Hais txog kev taug kev, peb mus los ntawm kev taug kev (daim ntawv peb hlis lossis quaver) mus rau qhov khiav (yim sau ntawv lossis ib nrab)-ob zaug sai npaum li kev taug kev, mus rau kev sib tw (kaum rau kaum cim lossis demisemiquaver)-ob zaug nrawm dua li khiav. Xav txog qhov ntawm txhua lub hlis ntawv ceeb toom yog ib kauj ruam thaum koj taug kev, coj mus rhaub nrog cov piv txwv saum toj no.
Kauj Ruam 4. Tshaj tawm
Raws li koj tuaj yeem pom nrog qhov piv txwv saum toj no, txhua yam tuaj yeem pib nkag siab me ntsis thaum muaj cov pawg sau tseg ntawm nplooj ntawv zoo li ntawd. Koj lub qhov muag pib hla, thiab koj poob qhov twg koj nyob qhov twg. Txhawm rau pab pawg sau ntawv mus rau pob me me uas ua rau pom kev zoo, peb siv teeb ci.
Beaming tsuas yog hloov tus cim tus chij nrog cov kab tuab kos ntawm cov ntawv sau. Cov no tau muab tso ua pawg raws qhov xav tau, thiab thaum lub suab paj nruag nyuaj dua yuav tsum muaj txoj cai teeb tsa nyuaj dua, rau peb lub hom phiaj, peb yuav nquag nqaj hauv pab pawg ntawm peb lub hlis dhau los. Sib piv qhov piv txwv hauv qab no nrog cov piv txwv saum toj no. Sim hle tawm lub suab sib dhos dua, thiab pom ntau npaum li cas pom kev ci ntsa iab ua rau qhov cim tseg
Kauj Ruam 5. Kawm tus nqi ntawm kev sib txuas thiab tus lej
Qhov twg tus chij yuav txiav tus nqi ntawm daim ntawv hauv ib nrab, lub teev muaj qhov zoo sib xws-tab sis qhov ua haujlwm tsis sib xws. Nrog kev zam tshwj xeeb uas tsis tuaj rau hauv kev ua si ntawm no, lub teev ib txwm tso rau sab xis ntawm lub taub hau ceeb toom. Thaum koj pom cov ntawv sau tseg, cov ntawv ntawd tau nce ntxiv ib nrab qhov ntev ntawm nws qhov qub.
- Piv txwv li, cov ntawv tso tom qab ib nrab ntawv (tsawg) yuav sib npaug rau ib nrab ntawv ntxiv rau ib daim ntawv peb lub hlis twg. Cov ntawv teev tseg tom qab peb lub hlis ntawv ceeb toom (crotchet) yuav sib npaug rau daim ntawv peb lub hlis ntxiv rau daim ntawv thib yim.
- Ties zoo ib yam li cov teev-lawv txuas tus nqi ntawm daim ntawv tseem ceeb. Ib txoj hlua khi tsuas yog ob daim ntawv txuas ua ke nrog txoj kab nkhaus ntawm daim ntawv ceeb toom. Tsis zoo li cov dots, uas yog cov paub daws teeb thiab ua raws li tus nqi ntawm thawj daim ntawv, cov kev sib txuas tau piav qhia meej: qhov kev ceeb toom tau nce nyob rau qhov ntev los raws nraim li ntev li tus nqi cim thib ob.
- Ib qho laj thawj uas koj yuav siv khi tiv thaiv tus lej yog, piv txwv li, thaum sau ntawv lub sijhawm yuav tsis haum suab paj nruag rau qhov chaw ntsuas (bar). Hauv qhov xwm txheej ntawd, koj tsuas yog ntxiv lub sijhawm ncua mus rau qhov ntsuas tom ntej raws li sau tseg, thiab khi ob qho ua ke.
- Nco ntsoov tias txoj hlua khi yog rub los ntawm lub taub hau ceeb toom rau lub taub hau hauv qhov kev coj rov qab raws li lub qia.
Kauj Ruam 6. So kom txaus
Qee tus hais tias suab paj nruag tsuas yog cov ntawv sau tseg, thiab lawv ib nrab raug. Suab paj nruag yog cov ntawv sau tseg thiab qhov chaw nruab nrab ntawm lawv. Cov chaw ntawd hu ua so, thiab txawm tias nyob ntsiag to, lawv tuaj yeem ntxiv cov lus tsa suab thiab lub neej rau suab paj nruag. Cia peb saib seb lawv tau ceeb toom li cas.
Zoo li cov ntawv sau, lawv muaj cov cim tshwj xeeb rau lub sijhawm tshwj xeeb. Tag nrho cov ntawv so yog daim duab plaub nqes los ntawm kab 4, thiab ib nrab ntawv so yog daim duab plaub so ntawm kab thib 3 thiab taw tes rau saum. Cov ntawv sau tseg peb lub hlis twg yog kab kab ntsais muag, thiab cov seem uas seem yog cov kab kaum uas zoo li tus lej "7" nrog rau tus lej ntawm tus chij raws li lawv tus nqi sau cia sib npaug. Cov chij no ib txwm cheb mus rau sab laug
Ntu 4 ntawm 7: Kawm Melody
Kauj Ruam 1. Nco ntsoov tias koj nkag siab cov lus saum toj no, thiab tom qab ntawd cia peb dhia mus rau hauv cov khoom lom zem:
nyeem nkauj! Tam sim no peb muaj cov hauv paus hauv qab: cov neeg ua haujlwm, ntu ntawm daim ntawv, thiab cov hauv paus ntawm kev sau tseg ntev ntawm cov ntawv thiab so.
Kauj Ruam 2. Kawm paub C nplai
C qhov ntsuas loj yog thawj qhov ntsuas peb siv thaum qhia yuav ua li cas nyeem nkauj vim tias nws yog qhov uas tsuas yog siv cov ntawv sau ntuj (cov yuam sij dawb ntawm lub piano). Thaum koj muaj qhov xauv rau hauv koj lub hlwb hlwb, tus so yuav ua raws li ib txwm muaj.
- Ua ntej, peb yuav qhia koj tias nws zoo li cas, tom qab ntawd peb yuav qhia koj yuav nkag siab li cas, thiab pib nyeem nkauj! Nov yog qhov nws zoo li ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm. Saib "C nplai" saum toj no.
- Yog tias koj yuav saib thawj daim ntawv, qis C, koj yuav pom tias nws mus qis dua cov neeg ua haujlwm kab. Thaum qhov ntawd tshwm sim, peb yooj yim ntxiv kab ua haujlwm rau cov ntawv ntawd nkaus xwb-yog li, kab me me los ntawm lub taub hau ceeb toom. Cov ntawv qis dua, cov neeg ua haujlwm ntau ntxiv peb ntxiv. Tab sis peb tsis tas yuav txhawj txog qhov ntawd tam sim no.
- Tus nplai C yog ua los ntawm yim sau ntawv. Cov no yog qhov sib npaug ntawm cov yuam sij dawb ntawm lub piano.
- Koj tuaj yeem lossis tsis muaj piano yooj yim, tab sis nyob rau lub sijhawm no, nws yog qhov tseem ceeb rau koj kom pib tau txais lub tswv yim ntawm tsis yog suab paj nruag zoo li cas, tab sis nws zoo li cas, ib yam nkaus.
Kauj Ruam 3. Kawm pom me ntsis kev hu nkauj-lossis "solfège
"Qhov ntawd yuav zoo li txaus ntshai, tab sis yuav muaj, koj twb paub nws: nws yog txoj hauv kev zoo nkauj hais tias" ua, re, mi."
- Los ntawm kev kawm hu nkauj cov ntawv uas koj pom, koj yuav pib txhim kho txuj ci pom kev-nyeem-txuj ci uas tuaj yeem siv lub neej kom zoo, tab sis yuav muaj txiaj ntsig zoo los ntawm qhov pib. Cia peb saib qhov C nplai dua, nrog qhov ntsuas qhov hnyav ntxiv. Saib "C Scale Solfege 11" saum toj no.
- Yuav muaj, koj paub Rogers thiab Hammerstein zaj nkauj "Do-Re-Mi" los ntawm Lub Suab Nkauj. Yog tias koj tuaj yeem hu nkauj "do re mi" scale, ua tam sim no thaum koj saib cov ntawv. Yog tias koj xav tau chav kawm tshiab, koj tuaj yeem hnov zaj nkauj hauv YouTube.
- Nov yog qhov hloov kho me ntsis ntxiv, taug kev nce thiab nqis C ntsuas siv solfège sau ntawv. Saib "C Scale Solfege 1" saum toj no.
- Xyaum hu nkauj Solfege-ntu II ob peb zaug, kom txog thaum nws paub zoo. Thawj ob peb zaug, nyeem qeeb heev kom koj tuaj yeem saib txhua daim ntawv thaum koj hu nkauj. Ob peb zaug tom ntej, hloov qhov "do re mi" rau C, D, E. Lub hom phiaj yog hu nkauj qhov tseeb sau tseg.
- Nco ntsoov peb cov ntawv ceeb toom los ntawm ua ntej: siab C ntawm qhov kawg ntawm thawj kab, thiab C qis ntawm qhov kawg ntawm kab thib ob yog ib nrab ntawv, thaum seem ntawm cov ntawv yog lub quarter sau tseg. Yog tias koj xav txog koj tus kheej taug kev, ntxiv, muaj ntawv ceeb toom rau txhua kauj ruam. Ib nrab ntawv sau ua ob theem.
Kauj Ruam 4. Nrog koj zoo siab, tam sim no koj tab tom nyeem nkauj
Ntu 5 ntawm 7: Nyeem Sharps, Flats, Naturals, thiab Keys
Kauj Ruam 1. Coj mus ntxiv
Txog tam sim no peb tau npog cov hauv paus ntawm kev sib dhos thiab suab paj nruag, thiab koj yuav tsum muaj cov txuj ci tsim nyog uas koj tam sim no nkag siab dab tsi tag nrho cov dots thiab squiggles sawv cev. Thaum qhov no yuav ua rau koj dhau los ntawm chav kawm Flutophone yooj yim, tseem muaj ob peb yam ntxiv uas koj xav paub. Thawj ntawm cov no yog cov kos npe tseem ceeb.
Tej zaum koj yuav tau pom ntse thiab flats hauv suab paj nruag: ntse zoo li hashtag (♯) thiab tiaj tiaj zoo li tus tsiaj ntawv qis B (♭). Lawv tau muab tso rau sab laug ntawm lub taub hau ceeb toom thiab qhia tias daim ntawv yuav tsum ua raws yog ua si ib nrab-theem (semitone) siab dua rau qhov ntse, lossis ib nrab-theem qis rau ib lub tiaj. Qhov ntsuas C, raws li peb tau kawm, suav nrog cov yuam sij dawb ntawm lub piano. Thaum koj tab tom pib nyeem nkauj, nws yooj yim tshaj plaws los xav txog cov ntse thiab chav nyob raws li cov yuam sij dub. Txawm li cas los xij, ib tus yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias cov ntse thiab lub tsev nyob ntawm cov yuam sij dawb hauv qee qhov xwm txheej (piv txwv li, thaum qhov tseem ceeb kos npe rau nws). Piv txwv li, B ntse tau ua si ntawm tib daim ntawv zoo li C
Kauj Ruam 2. Paub tag nrho cov tones thiab semitones
Hauv suab paj nruag sab hnub poob, sau ntawv yog lub suab tag nrho lossis ib nrab suab sib nrug. Yog tias koj saib C daim ntawv ntawm tus keyboard piano, koj yuav pom muaj tus yuam sij dub nruab nrab ntawm nws thiab daim ntawv tom ntej, D. Cov suab paj nruas nrug ntawm C thiab D yog hu ua suab tag nrho. Qhov nrug ntawm C thiab tus yuam sij dub hu ua semitone. Tam sim no, koj yuav xav tsis thoob tias tus yuam sij dub hu li cas. Cov lus teb yog, "nws nyob."
- Txoj cai zoo ntawm tus ntiv tes xoo yog tias koj tab tom nce qib, qhov ntawv ntawd yog qhov ntse ntawm qhov pib sau ntawv. Thaum txav mus rau qhov ntsuas, daim ntawv ntawd yuav yog daim ntawv tiaj tus ntawm daim ntawv pib. Yog li, yog tias koj tab tom txav ntawm C mus rau D nrog tus yuam sij dub, nws yuav raug sau siv tus ntse (♯).
- Hauv qhov no, daim ntawv dub tau sau ua C♯. Thaum txav mus rau qhov ntsuas, los ntawm D rau C, thiab siv daim ntawv dub ua lub suab dhau ntawm lawv, tus yuam sij dub yuav raug sau siv lub tiaj (♭).
- Cov rooj sib tham zoo li ntawd ua rau cov nkauj nyeem tau yooj yim dua. Yog tias koj yuav tsum sau cov ntawv peb sau mus thiab siv D ♭ hloov C a, cov cim yuav raug sau siv lub cim ntuj (♮).
- Daim ntawv ceeb toom tias muaj lub cim tshiab-lub ntuj. Thaum twg los xij koj pom lub cim ntuj (♮) uas txhais tau tias daim ntawv tshem tawm txhua qhov ntse lossis lub tsev uas tau sau yav tas los. Hauv qhov piv txwv no, daim ntawv thib ob thiab thib peb yog ob qho "D" s: thawj D ♭, thiab yog li D thib ob, txij li nws nce ib semitone los ntawm thawj D, yuav tsum muaj daim ntawv "kho" los qhia txoj cai sau ntawv Qhov ntau ntse thiab flats tawg nyob ib ncig ntawm daim ntawv nkauj, ntau tus kws ntaus nkauj yuav tsum tau ua ntej ua tus qhab nia tuaj yeem ua si.
- Feem ntau, cov kws sau ntawv uas yav dhau los siv kev sib tsoo hauv kev ntsuas yav dhau los tuaj yeem tso "tsis tsim nyog" cov cim ntuj tsim los qhia meej rau tus neeg ua si. Piv txwv li, yog qhov ntsuas yav dhau los hauv D qhov loj siv A♯, qhov ntsuas tom ntej uas siv A yuav raug sau nrog A-ntuj hloov.
Kauj Ruam 3. Nkag siab qhov kos npe tseem ceeb
Txog tam sim no, peb tau saib C qhov ntsuas loj: yim sau ntawv, txhua tus yuam sij dawb, pib ntawm C. Txawm li cas los xij, koj tuaj yeem pib ntsuas ntawm ib qho ntawv. Yog tias koj tsuas yog ua si txhua tus yuam sij dawb, txawm li cas los xij, koj yuav tsis ua qhov loj me, tab sis qee yam hu ua "modal scale," uas dhau ntawm qhov uas tau piav qhia hauv kab lus no.
- Qhov pib sau ntawv, lossis tonic, kuj yog lub npe ntawm tus yuam sij. Koj yuav tau hnov qee tus neeg hais tias "Nws nyob hauv tus yuam sij C" lossis qee yam zoo sib xws. Qhov piv txwv no txhais tau tias qhov pib ntsuas pib ntawm C, thiab suav nrog cov ntawv C D E F G A B C. Cov ntawv sau hauv cov nplai loj muaj kev sib raug zoo tshwj xeeb rau ib leeg. Ua tibzoo saib cov keyboard saum toj no.
- Nco ntsoov tias nruab nrab ntawm cov ntawv feem ntau, muaj tag nrho cov kauj ruam. Tab sis tsuas muaj ib nrab kauj ruam (semitone) nruab nrab ntawm E thiab F, thiab nruab nrab ntawm B thiab C. Txhua qhov ntsuas loj muaj qhov kev sib raug zoo no: tag nrho-ib nrab-ib nrab-tag nrho-tag nrho-ib nrab. Yog tias koj pib koj qhov ntsuas ntawm G, piv txwv li, nws yuav raug sau ua GA-B-C-D-E-F#-G.
- Daim ntawv ceeb toom tias txhawm rau tswj hwm kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov ntawv sau ntawm cov nplai, F yuav tsum tau tsa ib semitone kom nws yog ib nrab ntawm G, tsis yog ib kauj ruam tag nrho. Qhov ntawd yooj yim txaus los nyeem ntawm nws tus kheej, tab sis yuav ua li cas yog tias koj pib ntsuas loj hauv C♯? Tam sim no nws pib nyuaj! Txhawm rau txo qis qhov tsis meej pem thiab ua kom suab paj nruag nyeem tau yooj yim dua, cov npe tseem ceeb tau tsim. Txhua qhov ntsuas loj muaj qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm cov ntse lossis cov tsev nyob, thiab cov no tau qhia thaum pib ntawm cov nkauj. Saib dua ntawm tus yuam sij G. Tsis txhob tso qhov ntse tom ntej rau F rau cov neeg ua haujlwm, peb txav nws txhua txoj kev mus rau sab laug, thiab nws tsuas yog kwv yees los ntawm qhov ntawd rau txhua qhov F uas koj pom tau ua ua F#.
Ntu 6 ntawm 7: Nyeem Ntawv Txhais thiab nthuav tawm
Kauj Ruam 1. Ua kom nrov nrov-lossis ua rau muag
Thaum koj mloog nkauj, tej zaum koj yuav pom tias nws tsis yog txhua yam hauv tib lub ntim, txhua lub sijhawm. Qee qhov tau nrov heev, thiab qee qhov tau txais muag tiag tiag. Cov kev hloov pauv no hu ua "kev hloov pauv."
- Yog tias lub suab paj nruag thiab lub ntsuas ntsuas yog lub plawv ntawm cov nkauj, thiab cov ntawv thiab cov yuam sij yog lub paj hlwb, tom qab ntawd lub zog yog qhov tseeb ntawm lub suab paj nruag. Xav txog thawj version saum toj no.
- Ntawm koj lub rooj, coj mus rhaub tawm: 1 thiab 2 thiab 3 thiab 4 thiab 5 thiab 6 thiab 7 thiab 8, thiab lwm yam (thiab yog li cas cov kws ntaus nkauj "hais" yim sau ntawv). Nco ntsoov tias txhua qhov kev ntaus yeej yog tib lub suab nrov, kom nws suab zoo li lub nyoob hoom qav taub. Tam sim no saib qhov thib ob version.
- Pom qhov cim cim (>) saum toj no txhua F ntawv. Coj mus rhaub qhov ntawd, tsuas yog lub sijhawm no, hais tawm txhua qhov kev ntaus uas koj pom lub suab cim. Tam sim no, tsis yog lub dav hlau, nws yuav tsum zoo li lub tsheb ciav hlau. Nrog tsuas yog kev hloov pauv hloov maj mam, peb hloov pauv tus yam ntxwv ntawm cov nkauj!
Kauj Ruam 2. Ua si piano, lossis fortissimo, lossis qhov chaw nyob nruab nrab
Ib yam li koj tsis tas yuav tham tib qib-koj hloov koj lub suab nrov dua lossis softer, nyob ntawm qhov xwm txheej-suab paj nruag hloov pauv hauv qib ib yam. Txoj hauv kev uas tus kws sau paj huam qhia tus kws tshuab raj yog lub hom phiaj yog los ntawm kev siv cov cim zoo.
- Muaj ntau ntau cov cim uas koj tuaj yeem pom ntawm cov nkauj, tab sis qee qhov feem ntau koj yuav pom yuav yog cov ntawv f, m, thiab p.
- p txhais tau tias "piano," lossis "softly."
- f txhais tau tias "forte," lossis "nrov nrov."
- m txhais tau tias "mezzo," lossis "medium." Qhov no hloov kho qhov hloov pauv tom qab nws, zoo li hauv mf xov uas txhais tau tias "nrov nrov nruab nrab", lossis mp ua, uas txhais tau tias "nruab nrab mos."
- Qhov ntau p s lub f s koj muaj, lub suab paj nruag softer lossis nrov dua yog yuav tsum tau ua si. Sim hu nkauj ua piv txwv saum toj no (siv solfège-thawj tsab ntawv hauv qhov piv txwv no yog lub zog, lossis "ua"), thiab siv cov cim ntsuas kom pom qhov sib txawv.
Kauj Ruam 3. Ua kom nrov nrov thiab nrov dua, lossis nyob ntsiag to thiab nyob ntsiag to thiab nyob ntsiag to
Lwm qhov kev xav tau zoo tshaj plaws yog crescendo, thiab nws yog qhov tseeb, decrescendo lossis "diminuendo". Lawv yog cov sawv cev pom ntawm qhov hloov pauv me me hauv ntim uas zoo li nthuav tawm "" cov cim.
- Crescendo maj mam nrov dua, thiab decrescendo maj mam txo lub ntim. Koj yuav pom tias, nrog ob lub cim no, "qhib" qhov kawg ntawm lub cim sawv cev rau lub suab nrov dua thiab kaw qhov kawg sawv cev rau lub zog ntsiag to. Piv txwv li, yog tias lub suab nkauj coj koj mus maj mam dhau los ntawm forte mus rau piano, koj yuav pom ib qho f ', tom qab ntawd nthuav tawm " >", then ib p '.
- Qee zaum crescendo lossis diminuendo yuav sawv cev raws li cov lus luv cresc. "(Crescendo) lossis dim. (Diminuendo).
Ntu 7 ntawm 7: Ua Tau Zoo
Kauj Ruam 1. Khaws kev kawm
Kev kawm nyeem nkauj yog zoo li kawm cov tsiaj ntawv. Cov hauv paus siv me ntsis los kawm, tab sis yooj yim haum, tag nrho. Txawm li cas los xij, muaj ntau qhov sib txawv, cov ntsiab lus, thiab kev txawj uas koj tuaj yeem kawm tau uas nws tuaj yeem ua rau koj kawm tau mus tas sim neej. Qee tus kws sau nkauj txawm mus deb npaum li sau cov nkauj ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm kab uas tsim ua spirals lossis cov qauv, lossis txawm tias tsis siv cov neeg ua haujlwm kab txhua! Kab lus no yuav tsum muab lub hauv paus zoo rau koj kom loj hlob ntxiv!
Kauj Ruam 2. Kawm cov npe tseem ceeb no
Muaj tsawg kawg yog ib qho rau txhua qhov kev ceeb toom hauv qhov ntsuas-thiab cov tub ntxhais kawm paub yuav pom tias hauv qee kis, muaj ob lub yuam sij rau tib daim ntawv. Piv txwv li, tus yuam sij ntawm G♯ suab zoo ib yam li tus yuam sij ntawm A ♭! Thaum ua si piano-thiab rau lub hom phiaj ntawm kab lus no, qhov sib txawv yog kev kawm. Txawm li cas los xij, muaj qee tus kws sau ntawv-tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov uas sau rau cov hlua-leej twg yuav qhia tias A ♭ tau ua si me ntsis "nplaim taws" dua li G♯. Nov yog cov npe tseem ceeb rau cov nplai loj:
- Cov yuam sij tsis siv cov ntse lossis lub tsev: C
- Cov yuam sij siv ntse: G, D, A, E, B, F♯, C♯
- Cov yuam sij siv lub tsev: F, B ♭, E ♭, A ♭, D ♭, G ♭, C ♭
- Raws li koj tuaj yeem pom saum toj no, thaum koj txav mus los ntawm cov npe tseem ceeb, koj ntxiv cov ntse ib ntawm ib zaug kom txog thaum txhua daim ntawv ua si ntse hauv tus yuam sij C♯. Raws li koj txav mus los ntawm lub tiaj tus tseem ceeb kos npe, koj ntxiv flats kom txog thaum txhua daim ntawv tau ua si tiaj tus tus yuam sij ntawm C ♭.
- Nws yuav yog qee qhov kev nplij siab kom paub tias cov kws sau ntawv feem ntau sau hauv cov npe tseem ceeb uas yooj yim rau cov neeg nyeem nyeem. Piv txwv li, D qhov tseem ceeb yog qhov tseem ceeb heev rau txoj hlua seev los ua si vim tias cov hlua qhib tau cuam tshuam nrog rau lub zog, D. Muaj ob peb txoj haujlwm tawm uas muaj cov hlua ua si hauv E ♭ me, lossis tooj dag ua si hauv E loj.
Yees duab - Los ntawm kev siv qhov kev pabcuam no, qee cov ntaub ntawv yuav raug muab qhia rau YouTube
Lub tswv yim
- Ua siab ntev. Zoo li kawm ib yam lus tshiab, kev kawm nyeem nkauj yuav siv sijhawm. Zoo li kawm dab tsi ntxiv, ntau koj xyaum ntawm nws, nws yuav yooj yim dua, thiab zoo dua koj yuav dhau los ntawm nws.
- Yog tias koj muaj daim ntawv nkauj, tab sis tsis tuaj yeem nco txhua daim ntawv sau tseg, pib me me los ntawm sau cov ntawv sau tseg hauv qab txhua daim ntawv. Tsis txhob ua ntau dhau, vim tias koj xav kom nco cov ntawv thaum lub sijhawm dhau mus.
- IMSLP tuav cov ntawv khaws tseg loj rau kev ua yeeb yaj kiab thiab cov qhab nia hauv zej tsoom. Txhawm rau txhim kho kev nyeem nkauj, nws tau qhia tias koj tshawb nrhiav cov kws sau ua haujlwm thiab nyeem cov nkauj nrog rau mloog nws.
- Rov ua dua thiab xyaum ua ntu zus yog qhov tseem ceeb. Tsim flashcards lossis siv phau ntawv nyeem nyeem ntawv kom ntseeg tau tias koj tsim lub hauv paus ruaj khov rau kev nyeem ntawv.
- Xaiv cov nkauj uas koj nyiam. Kev mus ntsib koj lub tsev qiv ntawv hauv nroog lossis chaw khaws nkauj yuav nthuav tawm ntau pua-yog tias tsis yog ntau txhiab-ntawm "cov ntawv txhuas" nrog cov ntawv sau yooj yim thiab chords rau koj cov nkauj nyiam. Nyeem cov nkauj thaum koj mloog, thiab koj yuav nkag siab ntau ntxiv txog qhov koj tab tom saib.
- Xyaum qhov no nrog koj lub cuab yeej tseem ceeb. Yog tias koj ntaus piano, nws zoo li koj tau raug nyeem los ntawm nkauj. Ntau tus ntaus kis las, txawm li cas los xij, kawm los ntawm kev mloog ntau dua li nyeem ntawv. Thaum koj tab tom kawm nyeem nkauj, tsis nco qab dab tsi koj twb paub-kawm nyeem ua ntej, tom qab ntawv jam tom qab!
- Xyaum qhov chaw ntsiag to lossis thaum nws nyob ntsiag to. Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj los sim piano ua ntej vim piano yooj yim yog tias koj xyaum. Yog tias koj tsis muaj piano sim siv lub piano virtual online lossis cov keyboard. Thaum koj tau txais nws, koj tuaj yeem pib kawm paub yuav ua li cas ua lwm yam twj paj nruag!
- Yog tias koj muaj teeb meem tiag tiag, nrhiav tus kws qhia ntawv. Qhov no yuav tsis tsuas yog pab koj txhim kho thiab tsim phau ntawv qhia rau koj kom ua raws, tab sis nws tseem yuav tiv thaiv koj kom tsis txhob nkag mus rau ib tus cwj pwm tsis zoo. Thaum koj tau siv rau cov txheej txheem tsis raug nws yog qhov nyuaj heev kom tshem nws. Tsis tas li, tsis muaj tus kws qhia ntawv, koj yuav tsis paub tias koj tau ua yuam kev thawj zaug.
- Nws yog qhov zoo heev kom paub ob qho ntawv Western thiab ntawv nkauj. Paub txog Western cov ntawv sau tseg thaum kawg pab koj nyob rau lub sijhawm ntev, thiab nws yooj yim dua kom nco qab dua li sau ntawv.
- Ua hauj lwm rau qhov pom-hu nkauj. Koj tsis tas yuav muaj lub suab zoo, tab sis nws yuav pab koj qhia koj lub pob ntseg kom "hnov" dab tsi ntawm daim ntawv.
- Muaj kev lom zem nrog koj cov nkauj vim tias yog nws tsis yog koj li ces nws nyuaj rau kawm paub yuav ua li cas.
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Nco ntsoov qhov sib txawv ntawm cov lus siv suab paj nruag nyob ntawm seb koj nyob qhov twg.
Piv txwv li, hauv tebchaws Askiv cov npe ntawm peb qhov kev sau tseg feem ntau yog crotchet (ib qho yeej), quaver (ib nrab yeej) thiab tsawg (ob ntaus)
