Daim phiaj Bode yog kab lus uas piav qhia yuav ua li cas Circuit Court teb rau ntau zaus. Qhov no qhia peb, piv txwv li, tias lub suab nrov muaj cov ntses bass thaj tsam tsis zoo (tsawg zaus) cov lus teb. Cov kws tsim txuj ci siv cov phiaj xwm no kom nkag siab zoo dua lawv tus kheej cov qauv, xaiv cov khoom siv rau kev tsim qauv tshiab, lossis txiav txim siab seb lub Circuit Court tuaj yeem dhau los tsis ruaj khov thaum siv qhov tsis raug.
Cov kauj ruam
Ntu 1 ntawm 8: Kev Txhais Ntxiv
Raws li tau hais yav dhau los, Bode cov phiaj xwm yog kab lus uas piav qhia yuav ua li cas Circuit Court teb rau ntau zaus. Ib txoj hauv kev Bode qhia tshwj xeeb qhia txog kev nce qib ntawm kev sib fwm. Nws ua tau tiag tiag ntawm ob daim duab: cov lus teb loj, thiab cov lus teb theem. Txhawm rau piav qhia qhov no, tus qauv Bode cov phiaj xwm tau qhia hauv qab no:
Voltage nce hauv decibels txhais raws li:
G_dB = 20*〖log〗 _10 (Vout/Vin).
Qhov tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo txhais tau tias ua kom nrov nrov, thiab qhov tsis zoo nce ntxiv qhia tau hais tias txo qis. Yog li yog tias Circuit Court muaj Vout ntawm 1 volts thiab Vin ntawm vol2 volts (poob qhov hluav taws xob), nws qhov nce yuav yog:
G_dB = 20 〖*log〗 _10 (1/√2) =-3 dB.
Qhov cim -3 dB yog qhov tseem ceeb, raws li nws qhia qhov twg lub zog hluav taws xob tso tawm (tsis yog qhov hluav taws xob!) Yog ib nrab ntawm nws lub zog tawm tswv yim.
Cov phiaj xwm theem piav qhia yuav ua li cas sib txawv sib txawv siv sijhawm luv dua lossis siv sijhawm ntev dua los ntawm kev ncig. Txhua zaus nrog qib nyeem ntawm -180º lossis –π radians yuav tsis ruaj khov ntawm qhov zaus ntawd.
Txhawm rau tsim Bode cov phiaj xwm los ntawm ib puag ncig uas twb muaj lawm, ntsuas qhov Circuit nrog ntau qhov ntau zaus. Qhov ntau yog nyob ntawm daim ntawv thov ntawm tes, xws li suab lossis xa cov ntaub ntawv. Txhim kho qhov kev tawm tswv yim hauv Circuit Court nrog qhov yooj yim sine yoj ntawm qhov nquag siv. Ntsuas cov tswv yim thiab cov zis nrog lub oscilloscope, thiab sib piv qhov sib txawv ntawm ob. Sau cov kev sib txawv no hauv daim ntawv nthuav tawm, tom qab ntawv teeb lawv kom pom qhov kawg Bode zaj lus. Cov ntaub ntawv tuaj yeem suav nrog thiab npaj ua los ntawm txhais tes, yog tias xav tau.
[Ed ua. nco tseg: Qee qhov ntawm cov duab ploj ntawm qhov kev qhia no. Yog tias koj paub tias yuav ntxiv dab tsi, siv cov cuab yeej tsim duab los rub cov lej uas cuam tshuam.]
Ntu 2 ntawm 8: Txuas cov cuab yeej
Kauj Ruam 1. Txheeb xyuas tias lub tshuab hluav taws xob ua haujlwm thiab oscilloscope txuas nrog lub qhov hluav taws xob AC ze tshaj plaws
Kauj Ruam 2. Txuas thawj qhov kev sojntsuam mus rau “50 Ω OUTPUT” txuas ntawm lub hauv ntej-sab xis ntawm txoj haujlwm ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob
- a Txuas cov kab liab liab coj mus rau lub davhlau ya nyob twg ntawm koj qhov Circuit.
- b. Txuas cov hlau tsis zoo dub rau hauv av hauv av ntawm koj qhov Circuit.
Kauj Ruam 3. Txuas qhov kev sojntsuam thib ob mus rau “CH 1” txuas rau ntawm lub hauv ntej ntawm oscilloscope
- a Txuas cov kab liab liab coj mus rau lub davhlau ya nyob twg ntawm koj qhov Circuit.
- b. Txuas cov hlau tsis zoo dub rau hauv av hauv av ntawm koj qhov Circuit.
Kauj Ruam 4. Txuas qhov kev sojntsuam thib peb mus rau “CH 2” txuas ntawm lub hauv ntej ntawm oscilloscope
- a Txuas cov kab liab liab coj mus rau lub davhlau ya nyob twg ntawm koj qhov Circuit.
- b. Txuas qhov tsis zoo dub coj mus rau hauv av hauv av ntawm koj qhov Circuit Court, (tshwj tsis yog qhia los ntawm lub lab TA).
Kauj Ruam 5. Nco ntsoov tias cov xaim hluav taws xob tsis dai ntawm ntug ntawm qhov chaw ua haujlwm
Kauj Ruam 6. Txheeb xyuas ob qhov kev sib txuas
Lawv yuav tsum yog raws li qhia hauv daim duab 1.
Daim duab 1 - Koj cov khoom siv sib txuas
Ntu 3 ntawm 8: Qhib cov khoom siv
Kauj Ruam 1. Nias lub hwj huam khawm (sau tias "O/I") nyob rau sab saum toj ntawm oscilloscope
Kauj Ruam 2. Nias lub "POWER" khawm nyob rau sab xub ntiag sab xis ntawm txoj cai ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob
Kauj Ruam 3. Tom qab cov cuab yeej ua nws qhov kev ntsuas tus kheej, nws yuav tsum zoo ib yam li tau qhia hauv daim duab 2 (qhia hauv theem no)
Ntu 4 ntawm 8: Teem lub zog tsim hluav taws xob ntau zaus thiab qhov dav
Kauj Ruam 1. Nias lub pob hauv qab no “FREQ
Ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob ua haujlwm. Lub teeb saum lub pob tig. Koj lub vijtsam yuav tsum zoo ib yam li Daim Duab qhia hauv theem no.
Kauj Ruam 2. Kho qhov zaus mus rau qhov qis tshaj uas koj xav sim, koj pib zaus
Qhov no tuaj yeem ua tiav nrog kev hu xov tooj loj ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob ua haujlwm, lossis nrog plaub qhov muag muag hauv qab cov zaub. Cov nyees khawm cim "- val +" hloov tus lej hauv qab tus cursor, thiab "" "khawm txav tus cursor.
Kauj Ruam 3. Nias lub pob hauv qab no “AMPL
Ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob ua haujlwm. Lub teeb saum lub pob tig. Koj lub vijtsam yuav tsum zoo ib yam li daim duab 5 tam sim no.
Kauj Ruam 4. Kho qhov dav mus rau qhov hluav taws xob tau teev tseg hauv cov txheej txheem kuaj sim rau hauv Circuit Court raug sim, siv tib lub xov tooj lossis cov yuam sij muag
Daim ntawv ceeb toom tias qhov no yog Vpp, qhov siab tshaj-rau-ncov qhov hluav taws xob. Qhov siab tshaj (zoo) thiab yam tsawg (tsis zoo) qhov hluav taws xob ntawm nthwv dej yuav yog ib nrab ntawm qhov siab tshaj-rau-ncov qhov hluav taws xob.
Kauj Ruam 5. Nias lub pob "OUTPUT" ntawm lub tshuab ua haujlwm
Lub teeb mus rau sab laug ntawm lub khawm hloov.
Ntu 5 ntawm 8: Teem lub oscilloscope qhov rai
Kauj Ruam 1. Nias lub “DEFAULT SETUP” khawm nyob rau sab xis-sab xis ntawm oscilloscope
Nws cov zaub yuav tsum zoo ib yam li Daim Duab 6. Lub nthwv dej yuav tshwm rau ntawm lub vijtsam, lossis nws tsuas yog tuaj yeem pom suab nrov. Cov kauj ruam tom ntej yuav coj nws mus rau qhov tsom.
Kauj Ruam 2. Nias lub pob "AUTOSET" ntawm lub ces kaum sab xis sab xis ntawm oscilloscope
Nws cov zaub yuav tsum zoo ib yam li daim duab 7, thiab nthwv dej yuav tsum tshwm nyob rau hauv kev tsom.
Kauj Ruam 3. Nias tus yuam sij thib ob los ntawm sab saud
Qhov no qhia rau oscilloscope kom pom ib lub sijhawm ntawm nthwv dej. Koj cov zaub yuav tsum zoo ib yam li hauv daim duab 7.
Cov oscilloscope soft-keys nyob ntawm sab xis ntawm cov zaub
Kauj Ruam 4. Nias lub "MEASURE" khawm nyob rau sab saum toj nruab nrab ntawm oscilloscope
Lub vijtsam ntsuas ntsuas tsis raug yuav raug qhia, zoo ib yam hauv daim duab 8.
Kauj Ruam 5. Nyem rau sab saum toj-qhov tseem ceeb ntawm oscilloscope los xaiv qhov ntsuas thawj zaug
Nias lub pob nyem saum toj kawg nkaus sau tias "Source" kom txog thaum "CH1" tau teev tseg. Nias tus yuam sij thib ob los ntawm daim ntawv sau saum toj "Hom" kom txog thaum "Freq" tau qhia. Koj lub vijtsam yuav tsum zoo ib yam li hauv Daim Duab 9. Nias hauv qab qhov muag-qhov tseem ceeb kom rov qab mus.
Kauj Ruam 6. Nias tus yuam sij thib ob los ntawm sab saum toj kom xaiv qhov ntsuas thib ob
Nias lub pob nyem saum toj kawg nkaus sau tias "Source" kom txog thaum "CH1" tau teev tseg. Nias tus yuam sij thib ob los ntawm daim ntawv sau saum toj no "Hom" kom txog thaum "Pk-Pk" tau qhia. Koj lub vijtsam yuav tsum zoo ib yam li hauv Daim Duab 10. Nias hauv qab qhov muag-qhov tseem ceeb kom rov qab mus.
Kauj Ruam 7. Nias tus yuam sij thib peb los ntawm sab saum toj kom xaiv qhov ntsuas thib peb
Nias lub pob nyem saum toj kawg nkaus sau tias "Source" kom txog thaum "CH2" tau teev tseg. Nias tus yuam sij thib ob los ntawm daim ntawv sau saum toj no "Hom" kom txog thaum "Freq" tau qhia. Koj lub vijtsam yuav tsum zoo ib yam li hauv daim duab 11. Nias lub qhov muag kawg (tus thib tsib los rau saum) kom rov qab los.
Kauj Ruam 8. Nias plaub qhov tseem ceeb ntawm sab saum toj los xaiv qhov ntsuas thib plaub
Nias lub pob nyem saum toj kawg nkaus sau tias "Source" kom txog thaum "CH2" tau teev tseg. Nias tus yuam sij thib ob los ntawm daim ntawv sau saum toj no "Hom" kom txog thaum "Pk-Pk" tau qhia. Koj lub vijtsam yuav tsum zoo ib yam li hauv Daim Duab 12. Nias hauv qab qhov muag-qhov tseem ceeb kom rov qab mus.
Kauj Ruam 9. Tig lub "HORIZONTAL SEC/DIV" pob qhov rooj rov qab me ntsis kom txog thaum nws nyem ib zaug
Tam sim no koj cov zaub yuav tsum qhia ntau dua ib lub sijhawm, zoo li cov zaub hauv daim duab 13. CH1 thiab CH2 ntsuas zaus yuav tsum hloov los ntawm "?" mus nyeem qhov tseeb.
Kauj Ruam 10. Nias lub pob "CURSOR" nyob rau sab saum toj nruab nrab ntawm oscilloscope
Lub vijtsam pib yuav tsum zoo li ib qho hauv daim duab 14.
Kauj Ruam 11. Nyem rau sab saum toj-tus yuam sij nyob ib sab ntawm "Hom" kom txog thaum "Sijhawm" tau teev tseg
Qhov nruab nrab ntawm kab sab xis ntawm lub vijtsam qhia peb txog kev nyeem peb nyiam: Δt thiab ΔV. Hauv qab no, nyeem rau Cursor 1 thiab Cursor 2 tau qhia.
Ntu 6 ntawm 8: Tsim daim ntawv ua haujlwm los sau koj cov ntaub ntawv
Kauj Ruam 1. Ntawm koj lub computer lab, qhib Excel thiab pib daim ntawv tshiab
Sau cov kab ntawv "Zaus," "Vin," "dV," "Vout," "Ncua," "Phase" thiab "Gain."
Kauj Ruam 2. Hauv qab "Zaus," nkag mus rau txhua zaus uas koj npaj yuav sim (xa mus rau koj li txheej txheem kuaj sim)
Kauj Ruam 3. Hauv qab "Vout" hauv cell D2, sau cov qauv no:
IB = B2+C2
Kauj Ruam 4. Nias rov qab
Qhov "= B2+C2" hloov mus rau xoom txij li peb tsis tau nkag mus rau hauv B2 lossis C2.
Kauj Ruam 5. Nias Ctrl+D, ces rov qab los
Cov mis tau theej los ntawm D2 rau D3, nrog Excel hloov nws cov mis rau "= B3+C3" txiav. Khaws nias Ctrl+D ces rov qab mus txog thaum koj sau kab ntawv rau txhua qhov ntawm koj qhov zaus.
Kauj Ruam 6. Hauv qab "Phase" hauv cell F2, sau cov qauv no:
= 2*pi ()*A2*E2
Kauj Ruam 7. Nias rov qab
Nias Ctrl+D, tom qab ntawd rov qab zoo li koj tau ua ntej los sau kab.
Kauj Ruam 8. Hauv qab "Txais" hauv cell G2, sau cov qauv no:
= 20*log10 (D2/B2)
Kauj Ruam 9. Nias rov qab
Nias Ctrl+D, tom qab ntawd rov qab zoo li koj tau ua ntej los sau kab. Tsis quav ntsej qhov yuam kev tam sim no.
Kauj Ruam 10. Txuag daim ntawv no kom siv ua tus qauv
Koj tuaj yeem siv nws lub sijhawm tom ntej koj xav tau los tsim Bode zaj lus, cia koj hla ntu 6.
Ntu 7 ntawm 8: Tau txais cov ntaub ntawv rau Bode zajlus
Kauj Ruam 1. Koj oscilloscope yuav tsum tseem nyob ntawm tus cursor zaub los ntawm qhov kawg ntawm Ntu 5
Yog tias tsis yog, nyem "CURSOR" khawm nyob rau sab saum toj nruab nrab ntawm oscilloscope.
Kauj Ruam 2. Tig "HORIZONTAL SEC/DIV" pob qhov rooj kom nthuav dav ntawm nthwv dej, kom pom ib lub sijhawm xwb
Kauj Ruam 3. Nthuav plaub qhov tseem ceeb ntawm sab saum toj kom xaiv Cursor 1
Kauj Ruam 4. Tig lub pob "ntau qhov ua haujlwm" nyob ntawm qhov chaw nruab nrab ntawm oscilloscope kom txav tus cursor
Lub pob qhov rooj tsis muaj npe thiab nyob rau saum lub pob “PRINT”.
Kauj Ruam 5. Tso tus cursor kom nws kab nrog rau sab saum toj ntawm CH1 (sab saud, hauv txiv kab ntxwv) nthwv dej
Kauj Ruam 6. Nias qhov yuam sij kawg (thib tsib los ntawm sab saud) kom xaiv Cursor 2
Kauj Ruam 7. Qhib lub pob "ua haujlwm ntau" nyob ntawm qhov chaw nruab nrab ntawm oscilloscope kom txav tus cursor
Muab tus cursor tso kom nws kab nrog rau sab saum toj ntawm CH2 (qis dua, hauv xiav) nthwv dej.
Kauj Ruam 8. Ntawm koj daim ntawv nthuav qhia, sau koj cov ntaub ntawv:
- a Vin - qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob nyeem hauv Cursor 1 (820 mV hauv qhov piv txwv saum toj no; sau qhov no li 0.820 hauv koj daim ntawv nthuav tawm)
- b. dV - nyeem tom ntej ntawm ΔV (20.0 mV hauv qhov piv txwv saum toj no; kaw qhov no li 0.020 hauv koj daim ntawv nthuav tawm)
- c. Ncua - nyeem ntawv tom ntej rau Δt (160.0 µs hauv qhov piv txwv saum toj no; sau qhov no li 0.000160 hauv koj daim ntawv nthuav qhia).
Ntu 8 ntawm 8: Tsim Bode zajlus
Kauj Ruam 1. Rau Cov Ntsiab Lus Tau Txais:
Nkag mus rau ib kauj ruam ntawm no thiab tom qab ntawv nyem 1. Xaiv Cov Zaus thiab nce txhua kab.
Kauj Ruam 2. Nyem “Insert” thiab nrhiav qhov “Scatter Chart” xaiv
Kauj Ruam 3. Txoj cai-nias rau kab ntsug thiab xaiv "Format Axis …"
Kauj Ruam 4. Nyem “Logarithmic scale”
Kauj Ruam 5. Right-click kab rov tav thiab xaiv "Format Axis …"
Kauj Ruam 6. Nyem “Logarithmic scale”
Kauj Ruam 7. Rau Phase phiaj:
Xaiv Zaus thiab nce txhua kab.
Kauj Ruam 8. Nkag mus rau ib kauj ruam ntawm no thiab tom qab ntawd nyem "Insert" thiab nrhiav "Scatter Chart" kev xaiv
Kauj Ruam 9. Right-click kab rov tav thiab xaiv "Format Axis …"
Kauj Ruam 10. Nyem “Logarithmic scale”
Lub tswv yim
-
Yog tias cov zaub tseem zoo li nrov nrov lossis ua tsis raug, kos cov hauv qab no:
- a. Check yog tias lub tshuab hluav taws xob ua haujlwm tso tawm (ib feem 3, qib 5).
- b. Check yog tias cov xaim lossis cov txuas txuas tau xoob (ntu 1, qib 1-4).
- c. Calibrate your probes (nug TA rau cov lus qhia txog qhov no).
- d. Txhua lwm txoj hlua (ntu 1, cov kauj ruam 1-4) vim tias lub xov tooj yuav puas.
- Nco ntsoov tias cov ntawv nyeem tus cursor no yog ob qho tib si rau cov channel tau teev tseg hauv qab "Source." Tseem nco ntsoov tias kev hloov pauv cov peev txheej cuam tshuam rau ob tus cursors tib lub sijhawm. Lub oscilloscope tsis tso cai rau peb muab rau txhua tus channel nws tus kheej tus cursor. Tsis txhob yuam kev sau Cursor 1 ua CH1 thiab Cursor 2 ua CH2 hauv koj cov ntaub ntawv lab!
