Soldering yog siv dav thiab muaj txiaj ntsig zoo los khi cov hlau sib koom ua ke. Nyeem cov kauj ruam no kom kawm paub txog ob hom kev yooj yim ntawm kev siv tshuaj yaj yeeb, thiab koj yuav ua li cas nyob hauv tsev.
Cov kauj ruam
Txoj Kev 1 ntawm 3: Cov Txheej Txheem Soldering
Kauj Ruam 1. Kawm paub tias yog dab tsi
Muab tso rau hauv cov ntsiab lus yooj yim, kev siv tshuaj yog txheej txheem ntawm yaj cov hlau mus rau lwm yam khoom siv hlau txhawm rau txhawm rau khi lawv.
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Soldering txawv ntawm vuam. Hauv kev vuam, cov khoom sib xyaw tau yaj ua ke; nyob rau hauv cov khoom siv dag zog, cov hlau mos dua qub nrog cov ntsiab lus melting qis yog siv los txuas lawv.
Vim tias cov khoom siv tsis yaj cov khoom, nws muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev siv ntau dua, xws li kev ua haujlwm hluav taws xob, lossis kav dej
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Lub hom phiaj ntawm kev siv tshuaj yog txhawm rau khi ob qho ntxiv. Cov laug tuaj yeem xav tias yog ib hom "hlau nplaum." Nws tuaj yeem siv los ua qhov khoob lossis tuav cov khoom hauv qhov chaw, tab sis tsis ua haujlwm lub hom phiaj nyuaj dua.
Txij li cov laug yog xim hlau, nws ua hluav taws xob, uas yog lwm qhov laj thawj nws thiaj li nrov rau txuas cov khoom siv hluav taws xob
Kauj Ruam 2. Siv cov laug los khi yam
Solder yog lub npe ntawm cov khoom siv tiag tiag uas siv rau hauv cov laug. Keeb kwm, ntau tus neeg muag khoom muaj cov hlau lead lossis cadmium, tab sis tsis ntev los no tau raug tshem tawm vim yog kev noj qab haus huv.
- Solder feem ntau yog tsim los ntawm ob lossis ntau yam hlau ua ke rau hauv cov hlau. Nyiaj, antimony, tooj liab, tin, thiab zinc yog txhua yam khoom xyaw.
- Cov laug yog mos thiab yoog raws. Feem ntau nws los rau hauv lub kauj, los yog spool, uas tuaj yeem rub tau thiab khoov.
- Cov laug muaj qhov taw tes qis, thiab txias sai heev tom qab nws tau yaj lawm. (350F - 500F)
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Cov laug tuaj yeem muaj cov tub ntxhais flux ntawm ntuj rosin (tsob ntoo ntoo) lossis cov kua qaub. Cov hlau ntawm cov laug txuas ib puag ncig cov tub ntxhais, zoo li lub raj.
Lub hom phiaj ntawm lub hauv paus yog los ua dej ntws tawm, lossis tus neeg sawv cev ua kom huv. Cov dej ntws tiv thaiv oxidation hauv cov laug thaum nws txias, ua kom nws muaj zog thiab ntshiab
Kauj Ruam 3. Siv cov hlau txhuam kom sov lub lauj kaub
Cov hlau xaim tuaj hauv ntau yam teeb tsa, tab sis yog cov cuab yeej ncaj qha nrog cov lus qhia uas tuaj yeem ua kom sov kom yaj tau yaj hauv qhov chaw.
- Feem ntau cov xaim hluav taws xob feem ntau kub txog 800 txog 900 degrees Fahrenheit, yog li ua tib zoo xyuam xim thaum siv ib qho.
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Cov hlau tsis zoo yuav ntes cov veneer ntawm cov laug tom qab txhua qhov siv, uas tuaj yeem oxidize thiab txo cov hlau ua tau zoo ntawm kev siv tom ntej. Txhawm rau tshem tawm qhov no yooj yim, ruaj ntseg daim txhuam cev ntub ua ntej koj tig koj cov hlau, thiab maj mam rub lub taub hla hla daim txhuam cev thaum cov hlau kub.
Ib txheej txheej tshiab ntawm lub qhov taub tuaj yeem ua rau cov hlau txuas tau zoo dua. Cov txheej txheem no hu ua "tinning," thiab tau ua tiav los ntawm kev tso me ntsis ntawm cov kua nplaum tshiab kom yaj tusyees dhau qhov taub ua ntej siv
- Cov qauv zoo dua ntawm cov hlau txuas tuaj nrog kev tswj cua sov uas tuaj yeem hloov kho rau cov phiaj xwm sib txawv thiab hom sib xyaw.
Kauj Ruam 4. Siv lwm yam cuab yeej los pab rau hauv kev sib dhos
Kev xuas phom tsis tshwj xeeb lossis txaus ntshai yog tias koj ua tib zoo saib xyuas ua ntej. Txhawm rau ua kom zoo li qub thiab muaj txiaj ntsig zoo li sai tau, muaj ob peb yam khoom siv uas koj yuav tsum muaj.
- Clamps lossis cov nab kuab, txhawm rau tuav cov khoom sib dhos hauv qhov chaw thaum koj muab lawv pov rau hauv
- Cov hnab looj tes tuab, txhawm rau tiv thaiv koj txhais tes los ntawm qhov taub ntawm cov hlau thaum koj pub cov laug rau nws
- Cov tsom iav kev nyab xeeb lossis tsom iav, txhawm rau tiv thaiv ib qho yuam kev uas tsis zoo los ntawm tsoo koj lub qhov muag
- Ib tus neeg sawv cev sawv los so koj cov hlau txuas ntawm cov ntawv thov.
Kauj Ruam 5. Qhib lub teeb
Nco ntsoov koj tuaj yeem pom txhua yam kom meej meej kom koj txoj haujlwm yuav raug raws li qhov ua tau.
Yog tias koj xav tau qhov chaw nyob qhov twg tsis muaj lub teeb ntau, nqa lub teeb ci (xws li lub teeb txawb nqa) nrog koj
Kauj Ruam 6. Npaj qhov cua kom txaus
Txawm hais tias tsis muaj cov hmoov txhuas nyob hauv qhov sib xyaw, cov kab laug sab thiab dej ntws tuaj yeem tsim cov pa phem. Tsis txhob ua pa hauv cov pa paj ntoo lossis cov pa hlau los ntawm qhib lub qhov rais, tig lub kiv cua, thiab feem ntau ua txhua yam koj tuaj yeem ua kom huab cua ntshiab.
Kauj Ruam 7. Tsis txhob laug ntev ntev hauv ib qho zaum
Soldering yog txheej txheem nrawm, thiab nws tsis feem ntau siv sijhawm li ob peb feeb los ua qhov yuav tsum tau ua, tab sis yog tias koj pom koj tus kheej siv sijhawm ntau dua 15 lossis 20 feeb ntawm ib qhov haujlwm, siv sijhawm so rau huab cua ntshiab.
Txoj Kev 2 ntawm 3: Cov Khoom Siv Hluav Taws Xob
Kauj Ruam 1. Xaiv koj cov hlau
Feem ntau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob sib txuas tau ua tiav txhawm rau txhim kho cov khoom siv rau PCB (luam tawm Circuit board). Yog li ntawd, pom zoo kom siv cov hlau nrog lub taub me me. Xav txog lub taub hau me me rau kev ua haujlwm zoo ib yam, lossis cov ntsiab lus ntsiab lus conical rau kev nthuav dav ntxaws.
- Cov xaim tooj liab tsis muaj cov lus qhia sib pauv, yog li koj yuav tsum yuav ib qho uas koj xav tau. Hmoov zoo, lawv pib ntawm ib ncig $ 15 hauv tus nqi, thiab cov hlau zoo tuaj yeem muaj nyob ib puag ncig ob zaug.
- Ib qho hlau txuas rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob yuav yog 40-watt hlau uas muaj qhov kub (lossis ntsuas kub) ntawm 900 degrees. Qhov no tso cai rau cov hlau kom yooj yim yaj cov khoom siv hluav taws xob yam tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj rau cov xov hlau me ntawm cov khoom siv lawv tus kheej.
Kauj Ruam 2. Xaiv koj lub lauj kaub
Ob leeg hlau thiab Rosin-cored cov chaw muag khoom muaj nyob ntawm khw thiab online. Nco ntsoov tias cov laug uas koj xaiv yuav txuas nrog cov khoom koj tab tom sim ua kom yaj. Kev siv cov xaim hluav taws xob xaim yuav xav tau qhov sib cais ua kom tawg cov txheej txheej oxide thiab tso cai rau cov laug kom sib txuas.
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60/40 tin thiab cov hlau lead siv los ua tus qauv rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, txawm li cas los xij vim tias muaj tshuaj lom ntawm cov hlau lead nws tau poob ntawm qhov nyiam. Tin thiab cov laug nyiaj feem ntau nyiam hnub no. Cov nyiaj tau nce cov ntsiab lus melting me ntsis mus rau 430F, nce tus nqi, tab sis pab cov laug kom khi tau yooj yim dua.
Cov lej hauv cov lus piav qhia yog qhov feem pua ntawm cov khoom hauv cov hlau phom. (60Sn/40Pb = 60% tin thiab 40% txhuas)
Kauj Ruam 3. Npaj cov hlau
Plug rau hauv cov hlau thiab cia nws sov sov ntawm nws sawv ntsug li ob peb feeb. Nco ntsoov maj mam so nws hla daim txhuam cev yog tias nws tau siv yav tas los, raws li tau piav qhia saum toj no. Tin nws (raws li tau piav qhia saum toj no) thaum nws huv. Thaum koj npaj txhij, teeb tsa koj cov khoom, cov yeeb yaj kiab, thiab cov laug.
Kauj Ruam 4. Teem ib daim rau ntawm qhov chaw
Muab ib qho kev tivthaiv tso rau hauv qhov chaw koj xav kom muab nws txhuam. Yog tias muab tshuaj txhuam rau PCB, nco ntsoov tias cov xov hlau ntawm cov khoom sib txuas tau tsim nyog los ntawm nws cov pinholes.
Rau feem ntau ntawm cov khoom siv, siv cov clip me me lossis clamp los tuav lawv hauv qhov chaw thaum koj tau teeb tsa lawv
Kauj Ruam 5. Nqa cov hlau txuas
Tuav qhov ntev ntawm cov laug nrog koj txhais tes uas tsis tseem ceeb. Siv qhov ntev ntev kom ntseeg tau tias koj yuav tuaj yeem tuav koj txhais tes kom deb ntawm cov hlau.
Kauj Ruam 6. Ua kom sov cov khoom
Kov qhov taub ntawm cov hlau mus rau cov khoom koj xav tau kom yaj. Tsuas yog kov nws txog ib pliag. Qhov no ua kom sov cov hlau kom nws tuaj yeem tuav cov laug yooj yim dua.
- Ceev nrooj kov koj cov xaim tooj liab mus rau qhov chaw txuas, thiab siv cov hlau rau nws. Cov laug yuav tsum yaj tam sim. Soldering rau PCB pawg thawj coj yuav tsum tsis txhob xav tau ntau dua li 3-4 vib nas this tus nqi ntawm cov hlau yaj.
- Yog tias yuav tsum tau siv cov laug ntau los txhawm rau txhawm rau txuas kev nyab xeeb, pub nws nrog koj txhais tes.
- Koj lub lauj kaub yuav tsum tau xoob xoob, ua ob sab sib luag thaum nws kis tau ib ncig ntawm cov khoom siv hlau. Nws yuav tsum tsis txhob pob los yog saib lumpy.
Kauj Ruam 7. Ua kom tiav cov laug
Rub lub xaim tooj liab tam sim ua ntej, tos ib pliag, thiab tom qab ntawd rub cov hlau kom deb ntawm lub qhov taw qhia kom cia cov kua nplaum yaj txias. Ib zaug ntxiv, qhov no yuav tsum siv sijhawm 5 lossis 10 vib nas this ntau xwb.
Nco ntsoov tsis txhob tshuab rau ntawm cov laug lossis lwm yam sim pab nws txias. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau nws lumpy lossis ntxiv impurities
Kauj Ruam 8. Rov ua dua kom tiav
Rov ua cov kauj ruam saum toj no rau txhua lub ntsiab lus uas koj xav kom siv tau.
Re-tin koj cov hlau cov lus qhia txhua ob peb daim ntawv thov, thiab ib zaug ntxiv ua ntej koj tso cov hlau tseg. Qhov no pab txuas lub neej ntawm cov hlau
Txoj Kev 3 ntawm 3: Cov Yeeb Nkab Solder
Kauj Ruam 1. Npaj
Kev siv tooj liab tooj liab tsis yog qhov nyuaj, tab sis nws muaj kev cuam tshuam ntau dua li siv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, thiab xav tau cov cuab yeej sib txawv. Cov tib neeg feem ntau koom nrog cov yeeb nkab txhuam kom sib txuas ntawm cov ntu ntawm cov yeeb nkab, xws li lub luj tshib tig.
Kauj Ruam 2. Siv lub teeb taws
Hloov chaw ntawm cov hlau txuas, lub teeb hluav taws xob propane feem ntau pom zoo rau siv cov kav tooj liab ua ke. Cov no muaj dav nyob ntawm cov khw muag khoom kho vajtse.
Cov khoom siv tshwj xeeb tuaj yeem siv tau rau cov kav dej txuas, tab sis lub teeb taws propane tsuas yog siv tau rau feem ntau txoj haujlwm, thiab pheej yig dua
Kauj Ruam 3. Tau txais cov laug uas tsim nyog
Cov neeg tsim khoom tshwj xeeb cov xaim hluav taws xob rau cov kav xa dej. Nws zoo li yuav tuab dua, feem ntau yog 1/8 txoj kab uas hla. Cov kav xa dej feem ntau muaj cov kua qaub, tab sis cov xaim hlau ua haujlwm ib yam nkaus.
Tsis txhob ua kiag li tsis txhob siv cov tooj liab coj los txhuam koj cov kav dej. Nco ntsoov ua tib zoo nyeem daim ntawv lo txhawm rau txiav txim siab cov khoom sib xyaw. Cov neeg muag yeeb nkab zoo li yuav tsim cov tin feem ntau thiab tseem yuav muaj antimony, tooj liab, thiab/lossis nyiaj
Kauj Ruam 4. Muaj cov khoom txhuam ntawm tes
Txhawm rau kom ntseeg tau tias koj lub lauj kaub siv, nws yog qhov muaj txiaj ntsig los ntxuav cov yeeb nkab ua ntej los ntawm scouring nws nrog cov ntaub ntaub, cov ntawv xuab zeb, lossis cov ntaub plaub zoo.
Kauj Ruam 5. Txiav cov dej
Tua cov dej rau koj cov kav dej ua ntej koj pib ua haujlwm. Qhov no yuav tso cai rau koj ua haujlwm nrog koj cov kav dej yam tsis ntshai dej nyab lossis txau hauv chav.
Ua ntej koj tso dej tawm, ncuav ib thoob dej. Khaws lub thoob nyob ze yog tias koj lub teeb taws ntes tau ib yam dab tsi ntawm hluav taws
Kauj Ruam 6. Txiav koj cov yeeb nkab
Yog tias koj tab tom txhim kho cov kav dej tshiab, siv lub raj txiav los txiav cov yeeb nkab mus txog ib nti hauv txoj kab uas hla. Cov raj txiav muaj nyob ntawm cov khw muag khoom kho vajtse.
- Coj nws maj mam. Lub raj txiav tshuab ua haujlwm zoo tshaj plaws nrog kev txav qeeb, khov kho. Mus sai heev thiab koj yuav txhuam cov yeeb nkab.
- Rau cov yeeb nkab loj dua, koj yuav tsum siv lub hacksaw. Tshem tawm cov npoo npoo tom qab.
- Thaum cov kav dej raug txiav, haum lawv rau hauv cov pob qij txha twg koj yuav xav tau txuas kom nruj.
Kauj Ruam 7. Ntxuav cov yeeb nkab
Siv cov ntaub npog los yog cov khoom txhuam zoo sib xws, tshem tawm thaj tsam ntawm cov yeeb nkab uas koj yuav siv cov tshuaj txhuam kom du thiab ntxuav nws.
Ib qho chaw du thiab huv yuav tso cai rau cov laug nkag mus rau hauv qhov sib koom ua ke thiab kaw nws tus kheej
Kauj Ruam 8. Muab cov raj tso rau
Tua koj lub tswm ciab propane thiab siv cua sov rau cov yeeb nkab uas koj npaj yuav ua kom sov.
- Ua kom sov txawm tias txav cov nplaim hluav taws nyob ib puag ncig thaj chaw ua haujlwm.
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Thaum cov yeeb nkab zoo thiab kub, siv qhov taub ntawm koj cov xaim xaim txuas mus rau qhov chaw uas koj xav tau muab khi. Nws yuav tsum yaj tam sim ntawd.
Tuav tus laug ntawm sab nraud ntawm cov yeeb nkab los ntawm koj lub teeb. Nws yuav tsum ntws ib ncig ntawm qhov sib koom tes thiab sau nws tag nrho txoj kev ncig
- Cia qhov sib koom txias. Nws yuav txias sai. Tsiv mus rau qhov sib koom tom ntej uas xav tau kev sib khi, yog tias tsim nyog.
Kauj Ruam 9. Txheeb xyuas koj txoj haujlwm
Thaum koj ua tiav, tos ob peb feeb thiab tom qab ntawd tig dej rov qab. Khiav cov dej hla cov kav dej uas koj tau siv thiab txheeb xyuas qhov xau. Yog tias muaj, koj yuav tau rov ua cov txheej txheem.
Yees duab - Los ntawm kev siv qhov kev pabcuam no, qee cov ntaub ntawv yuav raug muab qhia rau YouTube
Lus ceeb toom
- Ib txwm muab tshuaj txhuam rau hauv qhov chaw muaj cua nkag tau zoo.
- Ib txwm xa koj cov hlau txuas mus rau nws sawv tom qab koj ua tiav qhov sib koom tes.
- Tsis txhob kov cov hlau nyob nruab nrab ntawm lub ntsis thiab tus kov - nws kub txaus los hlawv koj tsis zoo.
