Tej zaum koj yuav tsum tau siv daim duab pleev xim los ua qhov chaw rau daim ntawv tshawb fawb, tshwj xeeb yog tias koj tab tom sau txog keeb kwm kev kos duab lossis thaj chaw muaj feem cuam tshuam. Txhawm rau hais txog kev pleev xim, koj xav tau cov ntaub ntawv ntau dua li qhov koj xav tau rau cov qauv ntawv. Feem ntau, koj yuav tsum suav nrog qhov chaw ua haujlwm tam sim no, nws qhov ntev, thiab nws cov khoom lossis nruab nrab. Cov hom ntawv tshwj xeeb rau koj qhov kev hais tawm sib txawv nyob ntawm qhov kev citation style uas koj siv. Peb ntawm cov qauv citation feem ntau yog Modern Language Association (MLA), American Psychological Association (APA), thiab Chicago style.
Cov kauj ruam
Txoj Kev 1 ntawm 3: MLA
Kauj Ruam 1. Sau lub npe ntawm tus kws kos duab ua ntej
Rau koj Cov Haujlwm Cited Nkag Nkag, tus kws kos duab tau txiav txim siab "tus sau" ntawm daim duab. Ntaus lawv lub xeem lub npe ua ntej, tom qab ntawd tus lej cim. Tom qab ntawd ntaus lawv thawj lub npe. Suav nrog lawv lub npe nruab nrab lossis thawj lub npe, yog tias muab, tom qab lawv lub npe. Muab lub sijhawm nyob rau thaum xaus ntawm lawv lub npe.
- Piv txwv: Goya, Francisco.
- Yog tias tsis muaj tus kws kos duab tau txais, pib qhov kev hais tawm nrog lub npe ntawm daim duab. Yog tias qhov haujlwm tau txais txiaj ntsig rau "Tsis qhia npe," siv "Tsis qhia npe" raws li tus kws kos duab lub npe.
Kauj Ruam 2. Ntaus lub npe ntawm daim duab hauv kab ntawv
Ntaus lub npe ntawm daim duab hauv kab ntawv npe, ua kom muaj nuj nqis tag nrho cov npe, cov lus piav qhia, lus qhia, thiab adverbs. Yog tias daim duab tsis muaj npe, sau luv luv, yam tsis piav qhia txog qhov tha xim. Siv kab lus-kab lus rau kev piav qhia, tsuas yog siv thawj lo lus thiab txhua lub npe tsim nyog hauv koj cov lus piav qhia. Muab sijhawm rau tom qab lub npe lossis lus piav qhia.
- Lub npe piv txwv: Goya, Francisco. Tsev neeg ntawm Charles IV.
- Piv txwv tsis muaj npe: Rauschenberg, Robert. Glossy dub tha xim.
Piv txwv ntawm Piav Qhia Piav Qhia
Goya, Francisco. Cov duab tsis muaj npe ntawm Duchess ntawm Alba.
Nicholson, Peb. Kev pleev xim dawb.
Basquiat, Jean-Michel. Dub pob txha taub hau rau tom qab xiav.
Kauj Ruam 3. Muab hnub tso ua ke thiab tha xim qhov chaw nyob
Ntaus lub xyoo uas daim duab tau tsim, ua raws tus lej. Sau lub npe ntawm lub tsev cia puav pheej lossis sau cia qhov chaw tha xim tsev nyob. Yog tias lub tsev khaws khoom lossis chaw khaws khoom tsis suav nrog nws lub npe, ntaus tus lej thiab tom qab ntawd qhov chaw nyob. Tso ib lub sij hawm thaum kawg.
Piv txwv: Goya, Francisco. Tsev neeg ntawm Charles IV. 1800, Museo del Prado, Madrid
MLA Ua Haujlwm Cited Nkag Nkag Hom
Artist Xeem Xeem, Lub Npe. Title Kev Pleev Xim. Xyoo, Tsev khaws puav pheej lossis Sau, Lub Nroog.
Kauj Ruam 4. Siv phau ntawv lossis lub vev xaib uas cov duab tha xim nyob
Yog tias koj qhov peev xwm yog qhov rov tsim cov duab tha xim hauv phau ntawv lossis hauv lub vev xaib, suav nrog cov ntaub ntawv hais txog phau ntawv lossis lub vev xaib tom kawg ntawm koj qhov kev hais tawm.
- Phau ntawv piv txwv: Goya, Francisco. Tsev neeg ntawm Charles IV. 1800, Museo del Prado, Madrid. Gardener's Art Through the Ages, 10th ed., By Richard G. Tansey and Fred S. Kleiner, Harcourt Brace, p. 939 ib.
- Piv txwv lub vev xaib: Goya, Francisco. Tsev neeg ntawm Charles IV. 1800, Museo del Prado, Madrid. WikiArt Visual Art Encyclopedia, www.wikiart.org/en/francisco-goya/charles-iv-of-spain-and-his-family-1800.
- Yog tias koj tau saib cov duab tha xim hauv lub tsev khaws puav pheej lub vev xaib, rho npe thiab chaw nyob ntawm lub tsev khaws puav pheej. Siv lub npe ntawm lub vev xaib thiab URL hloov chaw. Muab ib lub sijhawm tom qab xyoo, vim nws hais txog hnub kos duab tau tsim, tsis yog hnub uas nws tau tshaj tawm hauv lub vev xaib. Piv txwv li: Goya, Francisco, Tsev Neeg ntawm Charles IV. 1800. Museo del Prado, www.museodelprado.es/en/the-collection/art-work/the-family-of-carlos-iv/.
- Suav nrog qhov nruab nrab thiab cov ntaub ntawv tom kawg ntawm koj qhov kev nkag mus yog tias lawv tseem ceeb lossis cuam tshuam nrog koj daim ntawv. Txwv tsis pub, cov ntaub ntawv no tsis xav tau rau MLA Works Cited nkag.
Kauj Ruam 5. Hais txog tus kws kos duab thiab kos duab hauv kab lus ntawm koj daim ntawv
MLA style tsis xav tau cov niam txiv sau hauv kab lus rau kev pleev xim. Hloov chaw, muab tus kws kos duab lub npe, ua raws los ntawm lub npe ntawm cov haujlwm hauv kab ntawv.
- Piv txwv: "Ib qho ntawm Francisco Goya cov ntsiab lus hauv Tsev Neeg ntawm Charles IV tau tig nws lub taub hau. Cov kws tshawb fawb ntseeg tias qhov no yog tus tswv cuab ntawm tsev neeg uas tsis nyob rau hnub uas cov duab pleev xim."
- Yog tias daim duab tsis muaj npe, siv koj cov lus piav qhia luv luv ntawm cov duab nrog rau tus kws kos duab lub npe. Piv txwv li, koj tuaj yeem sau: "Lub Duchess ntawm Alba tau suav hais tias yog Francisco Goya's muse, raws li nws ntau yam tsis muaj npe duab ntawm nws qhia."
Txoj Kev 2 ntawm 3: APA
Kauj Ruam 1. Pib nrog lub npe ntawm tus kws kos duab thiab xyoo ntawm kev pleev xim
Ntaus tus kws kos duab lub xeem, tom qab ntawd tus lej cim. Tom qab ntawv ntaus tus kws kos duab thawj zaug, ua raws li lawv tus lej nruab nrab, yog tias muaj. Ntaus lub xyoo uas tus kws pleev xim pleev xim rau txoj haujlwm. Tso ib lub sij hawm sab nraum lub qhov rooj kaw.
- Piv txwv: Pratt, C. (1965).
- Yog tias tus kws kos duab tsis paub, pib koj daim ntawv teev npe nkag nrog lub luag haujlwm. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias tus kws kos duab tau txais txiaj ntsig yog "Tsis qhia npe," siv lo lus ntawd ua lub npe ntawm tus sau.
- Yog tias hnub tsis paub, siv cov ntawv luv "n.d." sab hauv cov kab lus.
Kauj Ruam 2. Muab lub npe ntawm daim duab thiab piav qhia cov khoom siv
Ntaus lub npe ntawm daim duab hauv kab ntawv. Siv kab lus-rooj plaub, ua kom muaj peev xwm tsuas yog thawj lo lus thiab txhua lub npe tsim nyog hauv lub npe. Hauv cov kab zauv, piav qhia cov khoom lossis qhov nruab nrab ntawm daim duab. Siv kab lus-rooj plaub rau kev piav qhia ib yam. Muab ib lub sijhawm tom qab kaw qhov rooj kaw.
- Piv txwv: Pratt, C. (1965). Hluas nkauj hluas nrog seashells [Roj ntawm lub nkoj].
- Yog tias daim duab tsis muaj npe, siv lo lus "Tsis muaj npe" hloov chaw ntawm lub npe. Txij li nws tsis yog lub npe ntawm daim duab, nws yuav tsum tsis muaj ntawv qaij.
Kauj Ruam 3. Nrog rau qhov chaw tha xim
Ntaus lub npe ntawm lub tsev khaws puav pheej, tsev haujlwm, lossis sau qhov chaw uas cov duab tha xim tsev nyob. Muab tus lej cim, tom qab ntawd ntaus lub nroog lub npe, thiab tom qab ntawd sau tus lej. Yog tias lub tsev haujlwm nyob hauv Asmeskas lossis Canada, ntxiv cov ntawv luv rau lub xeev lossis xeev. Rau tag nrho lwm tus, ntxiv lub tebchaws lub npe. Muab sijhawm rau qhov kawg ntawm koj qhov kev hais tawm.
Piv txwv: Pratt, C. (1965). Hluas nkauj hluas nrog seashells [Roj ntawm lub nkoj]. Memorial University Art Gallery Kev Sau Cuam Tshuam, Kaum Brook, NL
APA Daim Ntawv Teev Npe Nkag Nkag Nkag
Artist Xeem Xeem, Thawj Zaug. (Xyoo). Lub npe ntawm daim duab [Cov lus piav qhia ntawm cov khoom]. Tsev khaws puav pheej lossis Sau, Lub Nroog, sau lub xeev/xeev lossis npe lub tebchaws.
Kauj Ruam 4. Ntxiv cov ntaub ntawv xov xwm los hais txog kev luam ib daim duab
Yog tias koj saib cov duab tha xim hauv phau ntawv lossis online, ntau dua li tus neeg, suav nrog tus sau, lub npe, hnub tshaj tawm, thiab cov ntaub ntawv tshaj tawm thaum kawg ntawm koj daim ntawv teev npe nkag. Ua raws tib hom ntawv uas koj ib txwm xav hais txog lub vev xaib lossis kab lus hauv phau ntawv.
- Phau ntawv piv txwv: Jacque, H. (2010). Labrador dub os [Cov nplais av nplaum]. Lawrence O'Brien Auditorium, Goose Bay, NL. Hauv D. Brown, av nplaum tsis tshua pom: Daim npog ntsej muag labradoria (p. 18). St John's, NL: Kev Tshaj Tawm Tshaj Tawm. (Thawj txoj haujlwm 2009).
- Piv txwv lub vev xaib: Shepherd, H. P. (1962). Hnub Sunday sawv ntxov [Roj]. Sau los ntawm Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL. Cov chav (nd). Tau txais los ntawm:
Kauj Ruam 5. Muab lub xyoo nyob rau hauv kab lus tom qab lub npe ntawm daim duab
Siv tus kws kos duab lub npe thiab lub npe ntawm daim duab tha xim hauv kab ntawv ntawm koj daim ntawv. Ntaus lub npe hauv kab ntawv. Siv cov ntaub ntawv npe, sau ua ntej lo lus thiab txhua lub npe, npe, lus qhia, thiab adverbs. Tom qab lub npe ntawm daim duab pleev xim rau hauv koj daim ntawv, ntaus lub xyoo uas daim duab tau ua tiav hauv kab ntawv.
Piv txwv li: "Christopher Pratt tha xim Tus Hluas Nkauj Nrog Seashells (1965) muab qhov muag pom ntawm cov cuab yeej cuab tam Newfoundland qub."
Txoj Kev 3 ntawm 3: Chicago
Kauj Ruam 1. Sau tus kws kos duab lub npe ua ntej hauv koj phau ntawv sau nkag
Chicago style txiav txim siab tus kws kos duab (lossis tus neeg pleev xim) "tus sau" ntawm daim duab. Ntaus tus kws kos duab lub xeem, tom qab ntawd tus lej cim. Tom qab ntawd ntaus tus kws kos duab lub npe, ua raws lub sijhawm.
- Piv txwv: Gogh, Vincent van.
- Yog tias tus kws kos duab tsis paub, tsuas yog tso lub ntsiab lus no tawm ntawm koj qhov kev hais tawm. Yog tus kws kos duab tau teev tseg raws li "Tsis qhia npe," siv lo lus ntawd los ntawm tus kws kos duab lub npe.
Kauj Ruam 2. Muab lub npe ntawm daim duab
Ntaus qhov chaw tom qab lub sijhawm tom qab tus sau lub npe, tom qab ntawd ntaus lub npe ntawm daim duab hauv kab ntawv. Siv cov ntaub ntawv npe, ua kom zoo rau txhua lub npe, npe, lus qhia, thiab adverbs. Muab lub sijhawm nyob rau qhov kawg ntawm lub npe.
- Piv txwv: Gogh, Vincent van. Hmo Starry.
- Yog tias daim duab tsis muaj npe, tsuas yog txav mus rau ntu tom ntej ntawm kev hais tawm. Chicago tsis xav kom koj sau cov lus piav qhia ua tus muab khoom, lossis siv lo lus "Tsis Muaj Npe." Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias koj ua, ntaus cov ntaub ntawv no hauv cov ntawv yooj yim es tsis yog ntawv qaij. Txwv tsis pub, nws zoo li lub npe.
Kauj Ruam 3. Sau hnub tim uas tsim txoj haujlwm
Tom qab lub npe ntawm daim duab, ntaus lub xyoo uas daim duab tau ua tiav. Yog tias koj tsis muaj kev nkag mus rau xyoo, koj tuaj yeem siv lub npe luv "nd" rau tsis muaj hnub lossis yooj yim txav mus rau ntu tom ntej ntawm qhov kev hais tawm. Muab ib lub sijhawm tom qab xyoo.
Piv txwv: Gogh, Vincent van. Hmo Starry. 1889
Kauj Ruam 4. Ntxiv cov ntaub ntawv hais txog cov ntaub ntawv thiab qhov ntev ntawm txoj haujlwm
Tom qab xyoo, muab cov lus piav qhia ntawm cov ntaub ntawv siv los tsim cov xim tha xim. Siv kab lus-rooj plaub, ua kom muaj peev xwm tsuas yog thawj lo lus thiab txhua lub npe tsim nyog. Muab sijhawm rau tom qab cov lus piav qhia no, tom qab ntawd muab qhov ntev ntawm txoj haujlwm. Siv cov ntawv luv rau cov chav ntsuas. Muab lub sijhawm tom qab qhov ntev tshwj tsis yog ib qho suav nrog tom qab ntawv luv.
- Piv txwv: Gogh, Vincent van. Hmo Starry. 1889. Roj ntawm daim ntaub. 29 nyob rau hauv x 36.25 nyob rau hauv
- Ib yam li lwm cov ntsiab lus, yog tias ib qho ntawm cov ntaub ntawv no tsis muaj, tsuas yog tso nws tawm. Tsis tas yuav tsum tau hais tawm cais tias cov ntaub ntawv tsis paub lossis tsis muaj.
- Phau Ntawv Teev Npe ntawm Chicago tsis siv txoj haujlwm seb yuav siv kev ntsuas huab cua lossis ntsuas ntsuas. Tsuas yog xaiv ib qho thiab siv nws tas li thoob plaws hauv koj daim ntawv thiab lwm yam kev hais tawm.
Kauj Ruam 5. Suav nrog lub npe thiab chaw nyob ntawm lub tsev khaws khoom pov tseg lossis khoom sau
Tom qab qhov ntev, ntaus lub npe ntawm lub tsev khaws puav pheej, sau, lossis lub tsev uas muaj duab tha xim. Muab tus lej cim, tom qab ntawd muab lub npe ntawm lub nroog uas lub tsev khaws puav pheej, khaws khoom, lossis lub tsev haujlwm nyob. Muab ib lub sijhawm tom qab lub nroog lub npe.
Piv txwv: Gogh, Vincent van. Hmo Starry. 1889. Roj ntawm daim ntaub. 29 nyob rau hauv x 36.25 nyob rau hauv. Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm Niaj Hnub Kos Duab, New York
Kauj Ruam 6. Kaw nrog URL thiab hnub nkag mus yog tias koj saib cov duab tha xim online
Rau cov duab koj saib hauv online, xws li hauv lub tsev khaws ntaub ntawv lub vev xaib, muab tag nrho URL ncaj qha rau daim duab nws tus kheej. Muab tus lej cim tom qab qhov URL, tom qab ntawd sau lo lus "nkag mus." Qhia hnub tim uas koj tau mus ntsib URL zaum kawg hauv hnub-hli-xyoo hom ntawv.
Piv txwv: Gogh, Vincent van. Hmo Starry. 1889. Roj ntawm daim ntaub. 29 nyob rau hauv x 36.25 nyob rau hauv. Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm Niaj Hnub Kos Duab, New York. https://www.moma.org/learn/moma_learning/vincent-van-gogh-the-starry-night-1889/, nkag mus rau 23 Lub Kaum Hli 2018
Chicago Bibliography Nkag Nkag Hom
Artist Xeem Xeem, Lub Npe. Title Kev Pleev Xim. Xyoo. Kev piav qhia ntawm cov khoom. Qhov ntev Tsev khaws puav pheej lossis Sau, Lub Nroog. URL, nkag mus Hnub-Hli-Xyoo.
Kauj Ruam 7. Ntxiv tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv rau qhov chaw yog tias koj tau saib cov duab tha xim
Omit qhov nruab nrab thiab qhov chaw rau luam cov duab luam tawm. Pib nrog lo lus "Hauv", tom qab ntawd ntaus cov ntaub ntawv uas koj ib txwm suav nrog hauv Chicago nkag rau phau ntawv lossis ntu ntu uas cov duab tau rov tsim dua. Xaus koj qhov kev hais tawm nrog lub sijhawm.
Phau ntawv piv txwv: Gogh, Vincent van. Hmo Starry. 1889. Hauv Bailey, Martin. Starry Night: Van Gogh ntawm Lub Tsev Hais Plaub. London, UK: Tsov Ntxhuav Dawb Publishing, 2018
Kauj Ruam 8. Lub sij hawm ua lag luam rau tus lej cim hauv tus lej hauv kab lus ntawm koj daim ntawv
Tig lub npe ntawm tus kws kos duab kom lub npe thawj los ua ntej. Suav nrog cov ntaub ntawv ib yam li koj cov ntaub ntawv teev npe nkag, cais los ntawm tus lej ntau dua li lub sijhawm. Tsuas yog lub sijhawm hauv tus lej hauv qab tuaj thaum kawg.
- Piv txwv hauv kab lus: "Muaj xov ntawm kev cia siab nyob rau hauv cov xim swirling thiab lub teeb ntawm Vincent van Gogh cov duab zoo nkauj Lub Hnub Qub Hmo Ntuj.1"
- Piv txwv li tus lej hauv qab lub vev xaib: 1. Vincent van Gogh, Lub Hnub Qub Starry, 1889, roj ntawm daim ntaub, 29 hauv. X 36.25 in., Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm Niaj Hnub Kos Duab, New York, https://www.moma.org/learn/moma_learning/ vincent-van-gogh-the-starry-night-1889/, nkag mus 23 Lub Kaum Hli 2018.
- Cov ntawv hauv qab taw qhia piv txwv: 1. Vincent van Gogh, The Starry Night, 1889, in Martin Bailey, Starry Night: Van Gogh at the Asylum (London, UK: White Lion Publishing, 2018), Daim duab 49.
